Zarin Bahare, Rafiee Laleh, Daneshpajouhnejad Parnaz, Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh
Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Tumour Biol. 2021;43(1):141-157. doi: 10.3233/TUB-200075.
Cancers evolve as a result of the accelerated proliferation of cancer cells in a complicated, enriched, and active microenvironment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) components are the master regulators of any step of cancer development. The tumor microenvironment is composed of many cellular and noncellular components that contribute to the evolution of cancer cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts in the TME that implicate in tumor progression and metastasis dissemination through secretion of oncogenic factors which are carried to the secondary metastatic sites through exosomes. In this review, we aimed to assess the role of CAF-derived exosomes in TME construction and pre-metastatic niche formation in different cancers of the digestive system in order to better understand some important mechanisms of metastasis and provide possible targets for clinical intervention. This review article is divided into two thematic parts explaining the general mechanisms of pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis and the role of CAF-derived exosomes in different digestive system cancers including colorectal, gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, and liver cancers.
癌症是在复杂、丰富且活跃的微环境中癌细胞加速增殖的结果。肿瘤微环境（TME）成分是癌症发展任何阶段的主要调节因子。肿瘤微环境由许多细胞和非细胞成分组成，这些成分有助于癌细胞的演变。癌症相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）是肿瘤微环境中被激活的成纤维细胞，通过分泌致癌因子参与肿瘤进展和转移扩散，这些致癌因子通过外泌体被携带到继发性转移部位。在本综述中，我们旨在评估CAF衍生的外泌体在消化系统不同癌症的肿瘤微环境构建和前转移生态位形成中的作用，以便更好地理解转移的一些重要机制，并为临床干预提供可能的靶点。这篇综述文章分为两个主题部分，解释前转移生态位形成和转移的一般机制，以及CAF衍生的外泌体在不同消化系统癌症（包括结直肠癌、胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌和肝癌）中的作用。
