School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast.
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa.
Dev Psychol. 2021 Jun;57(6):976-990. doi: 10.1037/dev0001179.
We investigated whether the developmental emergence of episodic future thinking (EFT) is associated with performance on a type of delay of gratification task: a delay choice task that involved choosing between a small reward now or a larger reward the next day. In Study 1, 4- to 5-year-olds' (N = 99) EFT as measured by a tool saving task was significantly associated with performance on the delay choice task, but this was not the case for other EFT measures. Study 2 compared the performance of 4- to 5-year-olds (N = 130) on the delay choice task when cued to think about either a future, past, or habitual event versus a no-cue baseline. Overall, cuing impaired performance on the delay choice task. Although EFT does show a relation to performance in a delay choice task in preschoolers, deliberately engaging in thought about future events may be too taxing in young children to reliably enhance the ability to make future-oriented decisions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
我们研究了情节性未来思维（EFT）的发展出现是否与一种延迟满足任务的表现相关：延迟选择任务，涉及现在选择小奖励或明天选择大奖励。在研究 1 中，通过工具保存任务测量的 4 至 5 岁儿童（N=99）的 EFT 与延迟选择任务的表现显著相关，但其他 EFT 测量则不然。研究 2 比较了在提示思考未来、过去或习惯性事件与无提示基线时，4 至 5 岁儿童（N=130）在延迟选择任务上的表现。总的来说，提示会损害延迟选择任务的表现。尽管 EFT 确实显示出与学龄前儿童在延迟选择任务中的表现有关，但在年幼的孩子中故意思考未来事件可能过于费力，无法可靠地增强他们做出面向未来的决策的能力。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
