Nakajima Sadahiko
Department of Psychological Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, 662-8501, Japan.
Behav Processes. 2021 Nov;192:104484. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104484. Epub 2021 Aug 21.
Previous studies (Nakajima, 2019a,b) demonstrated food avoidance learning based on wheel running in laboratory mice: Consumption of a target snack becomes suppressed if it is repeatedly paired with an opportunity to run in an activity wheel. This is a kind of Pavlovian conditioning, because the avoidance is specific to the paired snack. For example, in an experiment, mice were initially trained to run in closed wheels. Then, access to one of the two kinds of snacks (cheese or raisins, counterbalanced) was followed by confinement in a large pet cage with an open wheel, while access to the other snack was not. After several repetitions of these two types of trials, differentiation in consumption between the two snacks emerged: The intake of the unpaired snack increased gradually over days, while the increase was attenuated for the running-paired snack. The present study replicated this food avoidance learning without the pretraining of running in a closed wheel, emphasizing the intrinsic capacity of running to establish food avoidance. The results somewhat suggest that pretraining in open wheels facilitates running-based food avoidance, but this effect was too weak in the present study to draw a clear conclusion.
先前的研究（中岛，2019a，b）表明，实验室小鼠基于在活动轮中奔跑而形成食物回避学习：如果一种目标零食与在活动轮中奔跑的机会反复配对，那么该零食的摄入量就会受到抑制。这是一种巴甫洛夫条件反射，因为这种回避行为特定于配对的零食。例如，在一项实验中，小鼠最初被训练在封闭的轮子中奔跑。然后，在给予两种零食（奶酪或葡萄干，两者平衡）中的一种后，将小鼠关在带有开放轮子的大宠物笼中，而给予另一种零食后则不这样做。在对这两种类型的试验进行几次重复后，两种零食在摄入量上出现了差异：未配对零食的摄入量随时间逐渐增加，而与奔跑配对的零食的摄入量增加则减弱。本研究在没有预先在封闭轮子中进行奔跑训练的情况下重复了这种食物回避学习，强调了奔跑建立食物回避的内在能力。结果在一定程度上表明，在开放轮子中进行预先训练有助于基于奔跑的食物回避，但在本研究中这种效果太弱，无法得出明确结论。
