Plumpton Hannah M, Silverman Emily D, Ross Beth E
Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson University Clemson SC USA.
Division of Migratory Bird Management U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Laurel MD USA.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Jul 27;11(16):10813-10820. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7746. eCollection 2021 Aug.
While the Atlantic Coast of the United States and Canada is a major wintering area for sea ducks, knowledge about their wintering habitat use is relatively limited. Black Scoters have a broad wintering distribution and are the only open water species of sea duck that is abundant along the southeastern coast of the United States. Our study identified variables that affected Black Scoter () distribution and abundance in the Atlantic Ocean along the southeastern coast of the United States. We used aerial survey data from 2009 to 2012 provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to identify variables that influenced Black Scoter distribution. We used indicator variable selection to evaluate relationships between Black Scoter habitat use and a variety of broad- and fine-scale oceanographic and weather variables. Average time between waves, ocean floor slope, and the interaction of bathymetry and distance to shore had the strongest association with southeastern Black Scoter distribution.
虽然美国和加拿大的大西洋海岸是海鸭的主要越冬区域，但关于它们对越冬栖息地的利用情况，人们了解得相对有限。黑海番鸭有广泛的越冬分布范围，并且是美国东南沿海数量众多的唯一一种在开阔水域活动的海鸭。我们的研究确定了影响黑海番鸭在美国东南沿海大西洋海域分布和数量的变量。我们使用了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局提供的2009年至2012年的航空调查数据来确定影响黑海番鸭分布的变量。我们使用指示变量选择法来评估黑海番鸭栖息地利用情况与各种大尺度和小尺度海洋学及天气变量之间的关系。平均波间时间、海底坡度以及测深与离岸距离的相互作用与美国东南部黑海番鸭的分布关联最为紧密。
