Moustakim Rachida, Mziwira Mohamed, El Ayachi Mohammed, Belahsen Rekia
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Nutrition, Training and Research Unit on Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco.
Higher Normal School of Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2021 Oct;19(8):460-468. doi: 10.1089/met.2020.0117. Epub 2021 Aug 24.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that may promote the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of MetS and its components and, to study their association with CKD among Moroccan adult population living in an agricultural province. The study involved 210 adult participants of 18 and over years, of both sexes, sampled from urban and rural areas of Sidi Bennour province in Morocco. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, height, and waist circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and serum creatinine were determined. Subsequent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by the modification of diet in renal disease formula and the CKD was defined by an estimated GFR (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m. The diagnosis of MetS was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP ATP III) report. The mean age of the participants was 54.18 ± 13.45 years, the prevalence of MetS and CKD were 38% and 4.4%, respectively. Abdominal obesity was the strongest risk factor of MetS among the studied population (71%), followed by increased fasting plasma glucose (40.5%), high blood pressure (35.2%), hypercholesterolemia (31.0%), and hypertriglyceridemia (23.8%). The prevalence of these comorbid factors increased with age ( = 0.000), BMI ( = 0.000), and decreased with education level ( = 0.012). The presence of MetS was significantly associated with decreased eGFR ( = 0.022), hence the prevalence of CKD was markedly greater in subjects with MetS than those without. Our finding indicates that MetS is a serious public health problem in the study population and that its individual components are involved in decreasing the eGFR and the progression of renal dysfunction. The study results support the need of the development of a strategy to control and prevent worsening of the MetS individual components and development of CKD.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组心血管危险因素，可能促进慢性肾脏病（CKD）的发展。本研究的目的是确定MetS及其组成成分的患病率，并研究它们与生活在一个农业省份的摩洛哥成年人群中CKD的关联。该研究涉及210名18岁及以上的成年参与者，男女皆有，从摩洛哥西迪贝努尔省的城乡地区抽样。测量收缩压和舒张压、体重、身高和腰围，并计算体重指数（BMI）。测定血液总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血糖和血清肌酐。随后通过肾病饮食改良公式估算肾小球滤过率（GFR），CKD定义为估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）<60 mL/min/1.73 m²。MetS的诊断基于美国国家胆固醇教育计划/成人治疗小组（NCEP ATP III）报告。参与者的平均年龄为54.18±13.45岁，MetS和CKD的患病率分别为38%和4.4%。腹部肥胖是研究人群中MetS最强的危险因素（71%），其次是空腹血糖升高（40.5%）、高血压（35.2%）、高胆固醇血症（31.0%）和高甘油三酯血症（23.8%）。这些合并症因素的患病率随年龄（P = 0.000）、BMI（P = 0.000）增加而增加，随教育水平（P = 0.012）降低而降低。MetS的存在与eGFR降低显著相关（P = 0.022），因此，有MetS的受试者中CKD的患病率明显高于无MetS的受试者。我们的研究结果表明，MetS在研究人群中是一个严重的公共卫生问题，其各个组成成分都参与了eGFR的降低和肾功能障碍的进展。研究结果支持制定一项策略以控制和预防MetS各个组成成分的恶化以及CKD发展的必要性。
