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利用工业副产物制备的3D可打印地质聚合物材料的打印参数要求

Printing Parameter Requirements for 3D Printable Geopolymer Materials Prepared from Industrial Side Streams.

作者信息

Munir Qaisar, Peltonen Riku, Kärki Timo

机构信息

Fiber Composite Laboratory, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2021 Aug 23;14(16):4758. doi: 10.3390/ma14164758.

DOI:10.3390/ma14164758
PMID:34443280
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8400012/
Abstract

The objective of this investigation is to study the printing parameter requirements for sustainable 3D printable geopolymer materials. Side streams of the paper, mining, and construction industries were applied as geopolymer raw materials. The effect of printing parameters in terms of buildability, mixability, extrudability, curing, Al-to-Si ratio, and waste materials utilisation on the fresh and hardened state of the materials was studied. The material performance of a fresh geopolymer was measured using setting time and shape stability tests. Standardised test techniques were applied in the testing of the hardened material properties of compressive and flexural strength. The majority of developed suitable 3D printable geopolymers comprised 56-58% recycled material. Heating was used to improve the buildability and setting of the material significantly. A reactive recyclable material content of greater than 20% caused the strength and material workability to decrease. A curing time of 7-28 days increased the compressive strength but decreased the flexural strength. The layers in the test samples exhibited decreased and increased strength, respectively, in compressive and flexural strength tests. Geopolymer development was found to be a compromise between different strength values and recyclable material contents. By focusing on specialised and complex-shape products, 3D printing of geopolymers can compete with traditional manufacturing in limited markets.

摘要

本研究的目的是研究可持续3D可打印地质聚合物材料的打印参数要求。将造纸、采矿和建筑行业的副产品用作地质聚合物原材料。研究了打印参数在可建造性、可混合性、可挤出性、固化、铝硅比和废料利用方面对材料的新鲜状态和硬化状态的影响。使用凝结时间和形状稳定性测试来测量新鲜地质聚合物的材料性能。在测试抗压强度和抗弯强度等硬化材料性能时采用了标准化测试技术。大多数已开发出的合适的3D可打印地质聚合物包含56% - 58%的回收材料。加热显著改善了材料的可建造性和凝结。反应性可回收材料含量大于20%会导致强度和材料可加工性下降。7 - 28天的养护时间提高了抗压强度，但降低了抗弯强度。在抗压强度和抗弯强度测试中，测试样品中的层分别表现出强度降低和增加的情况。发现地质聚合物的开发是不同强度值和可回收材料含量之间的一种权衡。通过专注于特殊形状和复杂形状的产品，地质聚合物的3D打印在有限的市场中可以与传统制造竞争。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/57479ab62bac/materials-14-04758-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/237b8d99a2b0/materials-14-04758-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/38f3233e2277/materials-14-04758-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/86c8a11f363e/materials-14-04758-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/cd9ad253be6f/materials-14-04758-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/5fd953009b4d/materials-14-04758-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/3045bbe55761/materials-14-04758-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/8ea7b929e873/materials-14-04758-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/57479ab62bac/materials-14-04758-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/237b8d99a2b0/materials-14-04758-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/38f3233e2277/materials-14-04758-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/86c8a11f363e/materials-14-04758-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/cd9ad253be6f/materials-14-04758-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/5fd953009b4d/materials-14-04758-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/3045bbe55761/materials-14-04758-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/8ea7b929e873/materials-14-04758-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9119/8400012/57479ab62bac/materials-14-04758-g010.jpg

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