Harrison Nicole, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer Katharina, Graf Alexandra, Trapin Doris, Tauber Peter, Aberle Judith H, Stiasny Karin, Schmidt Ralf, Greinix Hildegard, Rabitsch Werner, Ramharter Michael, Burgmann Heinz, Pickl Winfried F, Bahrs Christina
Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Division of Cellular Immunology and Immunohematology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Aug 15;9(8):908. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9080908.
The aim of this prospective study was to assess lymphocyte proliferative and cytokine response prior to and following tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) immunization among patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Seventeen adult patients 11-13 months after HSCT and eight unvaccinated healthy adults received up to three TBE vaccinations. Following in vitro stimulation with TBE-antigen, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion (IL-2, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, GM-CSF) were analyzed by thymidine incorporation assay and the Luminex system. Ten patients (59%) showed significant baseline TBE-specific lymphocyte proliferation (stimulation index (SI) > 3) prior to vaccination, but none of the unvaccinated controls ( = 0.002). All patients with a TBE-specific antibody response after two vaccinations (at least 2-fold increase of neutralization test titers) exhibited a strong TBE-specific lymphocyte proliferative response at baseline (SI > 10). Patients with sibling donors had a significantly stronger baseline TBE-specific lymphocyte proliferative and IL-13 cytokine response than patients with unrelated donors ( < 0.05). In conclusion, a relevant proportion of patients showed TBE-specific lymphocyte proliferative and cytokine responses prior to vaccination after HSCT, which predicted the humoral response to the vaccine. Patients with vaccinated sibling donors were more likely to elicit a cellular immune response than patients with unrelated donors of unknown vaccination status.
这项前瞻性研究的目的是评估异基因造血干细胞移植（HSCT）后患者在蜱传脑炎（TBE）免疫接种前后的淋巴细胞增殖和细胞因子反应。17名HSCT后11 - 13个月的成年患者和8名未接种疫苗的健康成年人接受了多达三次TBE疫苗接种。在用TBE抗原进行体外刺激后，通过胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入试验和Luminex系统分析淋巴细胞增殖和细胞因子分泌（IL - 2、IL - 10、IL - 13、TNF - α、IFN - γ、GM - CSF）。10名患者（59%）在接种疫苗前显示出显著的基线TBE特异性淋巴细胞增殖（刺激指数（SI）> 3），但未接种疫苗的对照组均未出现（P = 0.002）。所有在两次接种后出现TBE特异性抗体反应（中和试验滴度至少增加2倍）的患者在基线时均表现出强烈的TBE特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应（SI > 10）。与无关供体的患者相比，同胞供体的患者基线TBE特异性淋巴细胞增殖和IL - 13细胞因子反应显著更强（P < 0.05）。总之，相当比例的患者在HSCT后接种疫苗前显示出TBE特异性淋巴细胞增殖和细胞因子反应，这预测了对疫苗的体液反应。与接种状况未知的无关供体的患者相比，同胞供体接种疫苗的患者更有可能引发细胞免疫反应。
