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+ssRNA 病毒中的蛋白核苷酸化。

Protein Nucleotidylylation in +ssRNA Viruses.

机构信息

Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.

出版信息

Viruses. 2021 Aug 5;13(8):1549. doi: 10.3390/v13081549.

Abstract

Nucleotidylylation is a post-transcriptional modification important for replication in the picornavirus supergroup of RNA viruses, including members of the , , and virus families. This modification occurs when the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) attaches one or more nucleotides to a target protein through a nucleotidyl-transferase reaction. The most characterized nucleotidylylation target is VPg (viral protein genome-linked), a protein linked to the 5' end of the genome in , and . The nucleotidylylation of VPg by RdRp is a critical step for the VPg protein to act as a primer for genome replication and, in and for the initiation of translation. In contrast, do not express a VPg protein, but the nucleotidylylation of proteins involved in replication initiation is critical for genome replication. Furthermore, the RdRp proteins of the viruses that perform nucleotidylylation are themselves nucleotidylylated, and in the case of coronavirus, this has been shown to be essential for viral replication. This review focuses on nucleotidylylation within the picornavirus supergroup of viruses, including the proteins that are modified, what is known about the nucleotidylylation process and the roles that these modifications have in the viral life cycle.

摘要

核苷酸酰基化是一类重要的转录后修饰,对小核糖核酸病毒科(Picornaviridae)的正链 RNA 病毒复制具有重要作用,该科病毒包括、、和病毒科的成员。这种修饰发生在 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶(RdRp)通过核苷酸转移酶反应将一个或多个核苷酸连接到靶蛋白上时。最具特征性的核苷酸酰基化靶标是 VPg(病毒蛋白基因组连接),它与、和的基因组 5' 端相连。RdRp 对 VPg 的核苷酸酰基化是 VPg 蛋白作为基因组复制引物的关键步骤,在和中还可作为翻译起始的引物。相比之下,并不表达 VPg 蛋白,但参与复制起始的蛋白的核苷酸酰基化对基因组复制至关重要。此外,进行核苷酸酰基化的病毒的 RdRp 蛋白本身也被核苷酸酰基化,在冠状病毒的情况下,这已被证明对病毒复制是必需的。本文重点介绍小核糖核酸病毒科病毒中的核苷酸酰基化,包括被修饰的蛋白、核苷酸酰基化过程的已知信息以及这些修饰在病毒生命周期中的作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5bd3/8402628/1e7d2f03c278/viruses-13-01549-g001.jpg

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