Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1288:175-203. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-77779-1_9.
Testosterone is essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility. In this review, topics related to testosterone control of spermatogenesis are covered including testosterone production and levels in the testis, classical and nonclassical testosterone signaling pathways, cell- and temporal-specific expression of the androgen receptor in the testis and autocrine and paracrine signaling of testis cells in the testis. Also discussed are the contributions of testosterone to testis descent, the blood-testis barrier, control of gonocyte numbers and spermatogonia expansion, completion of meiosis and attachment and release of elongaed spermatids. Testosterone-regulated genes identified in various mouse models of idsrupted Androgen receptor expression are discussed. Finally, examples of synergism and antagonism between androgen and follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathways are summarized.
睾酮对于精子发生和男性生育力至关重要。在这篇综述中，涵盖了与睾酮控制精子发生相关的主题，包括睾丸中睾酮的产生和水平、经典和非经典的睾酮信号通路、睾丸中雄激素受体的细胞和时空特异性表达以及睾丸细胞的自分泌和旁分泌信号。还讨论了睾酮对睾丸下降、血睾屏障、精原细胞数量和精原细胞扩增的控制、减数分裂的完成以及伸长精子的附着和释放的贡献。讨论了在各种雄激素受体表达受损的小鼠模型中鉴定的受睾酮调节的基因。最后，总结了雄激素和促卵泡激素信号通路之间协同作用和拮抗作用的例子。
