Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.
Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Sports Convergence, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea.
Environ Res. 2022 Mar;204(Pt A):111953. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111953. Epub 2021 Aug 26.
Absract In developed countries, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in adults. The key pathways of AMD are suggested to be excessive oxidative stress and inflammation in the central retina. Because air pollution has been found capable of inducing oxidative stress and inflammation, it may play a role in development of AMD. This study investigated the association between ambient air pollution and AMD in 15,115 middle-aged and older adults (≥40 years) from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2012. After controlling for important confounders, ambient NO and CO in current-to-5 prior years and PM in 2-to-5 prior years were significantly associated with higher prevalence of early AMD, while O in current-to-5 prior years was significantly associated with lower prevalence of early AMD. When modeled air pollution within administrative division units, its ORs with an IQR increase in NO, CO, and O at current year were 1.24 (95% CI: 1.05-1.46), 1.22 (95% CI: 1.09-1.38), and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70-0.92), respectively. Overall, results from air pollution at local/town units were consistent with those at administrative division units. Long-term exposures to ambient air pollution may play a role in the risk of AMD in middle-aged and older adults.
摘要 在发达国家，年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是导致成年人不可逆转失明的主要原因。AMD 的关键途径被认为是视网膜中央的过度氧化应激和炎症。由于已发现空气污染能诱导氧化应激和炎症，因此它可能在 AMD 的发展中起作用。本研究调查了 2008-2012 年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的 15115 名中年及以上（≥40 岁）成年人中环境空气污染与 AMD 之间的关系。在控制了重要的混杂因素后，当前至前 5 年的环境 NO 和 CO 以及前 2 至 5 年的 PM 与早期 AMD 的患病率升高显著相关，而当前至前 5 年的 O 与早期 AMD 的患病率降低显著相关。当以行政区单位为模型进行空气污染建模时，NO、CO 和 O 在当前年度的 IQR 每增加一个单位，其 OR 分别为 1.24（95%CI：1.05-1.46）、1.22（95%CI：1.09-1.38）和 0.80（95%CI：0.70-0.92）。总体而言，地方/城镇单位的空气污染结果与行政区单位的结果一致。长期暴露于环境空气污染可能与中年及以上成年人患 AMD 的风险有关。
