Stampa Merlin, Sutorma Andreas, Jahn Uwe, Thiem Jörg, Wolff Carsten, Röhrig Christof
Institute for the Digital Transformation of Application and Living Domains (IDiAL), Dortmund University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Otto-Hahn-Str. 23, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
Faculty of Information Technology, Dortmund University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Sonnenstr. 96, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
J Intell Robot Syst. 2021;103(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s10846-021-01462-7. Epub 2021 Aug 23.
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are becoming increasingly popular in the public safety sector. While some applications have so far only been envisioned, others are regularly performed in real-life scenarios. Many more fall in between and are actively investigated by research and commercial communities alike. This study reviews the maturity levels, or "market-readiness", of public safety applications for UAS. As individual assessments of all applications suggested in the literature are infeasible due to their sheer number, we propose a novel set of application categories: Remote Sensing, Mapping, Monitoring, Human-drone Interaction, Flying Ad-hoc Networks, Transportation, and Counter UAV Systems. Each category's maturity is assessed through a literature review of contained applications, using the metric of Application Readiness Levels (ARLs). Relevant aspects such as the environmental complexity and available mission time of addressed scenarios are taken into account. Following the analysis, we infer that improvements in autonomy and software reliability are the most promising research areas for increasing the usefulness and acceptance of UAS in the public safety domain.
无人机系统（UAS）在公共安全领域正变得越来越受欢迎。虽然到目前为止，一些应用还只是设想，但其他一些应用已经在现实场景中经常执行。更多的应用则介于两者之间，正受到研究界和商业界的积极研究。本研究回顾了无人机在公共安全应用中的成熟度水平，即“市场就绪度”。由于文献中建议的所有应用数量众多，对其进行单独评估是不可行的，因此我们提出了一套新颖的应用类别：遥感、测绘、监测、人机交互、飞行自组织网络、运输和反无人机系统。通过使用应用就绪水平（ARL）指标对各类别中所含应用进行文献综述，来评估每个类别的成熟度。同时考虑了诸如所涉及场景的环境复杂性和可用任务时间等相关方面。经过分析，我们推断自主性和软件可靠性的提升是提高无人机在公共安全领域的实用性和接受度最有前景的研究领域。
