Department of Radiology, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore 529889, Republic of Singapore.
Eur J Radiol. 2021 Oct;143:109915. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109915. Epub 2021 Aug 19.
CT is the imaging modality of choice for assessment of 3D bony morphology but incurs the penalty of ionizing radiation. Improving the ability of 3D MRI to provide high-resolution images of cortical bone with CT-like bone contrast has been a focus of recent research. The ability of 3D MRI to deliver cortical bone information with similar diagnostic performance to CT would complement assessment of soft tissues and medullary bone from a single MRI examination, simplifying evaluation and obviating radiation exposure from additional CT. This article presents an overview of current 3D MRI approaches for imaging cortical bone with CT-like bone contrast including ultrashort echo time, zero echo time, T1-weighted gradient recalled echo, susceptibility-weighted imaging and deep learning techniques. We also discuss clinical implementation of an optimized stack-of-stars 3D gradient recalled echo pulse sequence (3D-Bone) on commercially available MRI scanners for rendering 3D MRI with CT-like bone contrast in our institutional practice.
CT 是评估 3D 骨形态的首选成像方式，但会产生电离辐射。提高 3D MRI 提供具有 CT 样骨对比度的皮质骨高分辨率图像的能力一直是最近研究的重点。3D MRI 提供具有与 CT 相似诊断性能的皮质骨信息的能力将补充软组织和骨髓的评估，来自单一 MRI 检查，简化评估并避免来自额外 CT 的辐射暴露。本文概述了当前用于成像具有 CT 样骨对比度的皮质骨的 3D MRI 方法，包括超短回波时间、零回波时间、T1 加权梯度回波、磁化率加权成像和深度学习技术。我们还讨论了在我们的机构实践中，在商业上可用的 MRI 扫描仪上实现优化的星形堆叠 3D 梯度回波脉冲序列 (3D-Bone) 的临床实施，以呈现具有 CT 样骨对比度的 3D MRI。
