Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná - Campus Pontal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná - Campus Pontal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jan 1;802:149882. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149882. Epub 2021 Aug 25.
The Doce River mouth (DRM) was severely impacted by the rupture of the Fundão Dam in 2015, considered the greatest Brazilian environmental tragedy in terms of tailings volume released (>40 million m) and traveled distance (~600 km until the Atlantic Ocean). Environmental monitoring has been performed since then, but background levels are scarce or absent to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), making impact assessments difficult. In the current study, we presented the baseline levels, inventories, and risk assessment of the POPs polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) and organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs), in surface sediment of the DRM. Samples were collected in December 2010 and July 2011, i.e., four years before the Fundão dam failure. The total PCBs and the OCPs (Aldrin, HCHs, and Chlordanes) were detected in both sampling campaigns, with levels up to 9.50 and 1.64, 0.28, and 0.63 ng g, respectively. The decrease of the Doce River flow was the main factor contributing to seasonal variations in the spatial distribution, and to a slight decline in the levels and frequency of the analyzed POPs in sediments collected in the dry season (July 2011). Environmental risk assessment, inventories, and total mass results suggest a low potential of PCBs and OCPs accumulation before the dam failure. This is the first POPs assessment in the study area that helped identify some unexpected impacts of the Fundão dam failure and contributed to the understanding of POPs cycles in the Southern Atlantic, data that are still scarce in the region.
多塞河河口 (DRM) 在 2015 年因方丹大坝破裂而受到严重影响，被认为是巴西在尾矿释放量（>4000 万立方米）和迁移距离（~600 公里到达大西洋）方面最大的环境灾难。自那时以来，一直在进行环境监测，但持久性有机污染物 (POPs) 的背景水平很少或不存在，这使得影响评估变得困难。在当前的研究中，我们提出了 DRM 表层沉积物中多氯联苯 (PCBs) 和有机氯农药 (OCPs) 的基线水平、清单和风险评估。这些样本于 2010 年 12 月和 2011 年 7 月采集，即方丹大坝溃坝前四年。在两次采样中均检测到总 PCBs 和 OCPs（艾氏剂、六氯环己烷和氯丹），水平分别高达 9.50 和 1.64、0.28 和 0.63ng/g。多塞河流量的减少是导致空间分布季节性变化的主要因素，也是导致 2011 年 7 月旱季采集的沉积物中分析的 POPs 水平和频率略有下降的主要因素。环境风险评估、清单和总质量结果表明，在大坝溃坝之前，PCBs 和 OCPs 的积累潜力较低。这是该研究区域首次进行 POPs 评估，有助于确定方丹大坝溃坝的一些意外影响，并有助于了解南大西洋的 POPs 循环，该地区的数据仍然很少。
