Zhao Zhiqiang, Zhu Kan, Li Yan, Zhu Zijie, Pan Linjie, Pan Tingrui, Borgens Richard B, Zhao Min
Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.
Bioelectricity. 2020 Dec 1;2(4):372-381. doi: 10.1089/bioe.2020.0019. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
Direct current (DC) electrical stimulation has been shown to have remarkable effects on regulating cell behaviors. Translation of this technology to clinical uses, however, has to overcome several obstacles, including Joule heat production, changes in pH and ion concentration, and electrode products that are detrimental to cells. Application of DC voltages in thick tissues where their thickness is >0.8 mm caused significant changes in temperature, pH, and ion concentrations. In this study, we developed a multifield and -chamber electrotaxis chip, and various stimulation schemes to determine effective and safe stimulation strategies to guide the migration of human vascular endothelial cells. The electrotaxis chip with a chamber thickness of 1 mm allows 10 voltages applied in one experiment. DC electric fields caused detrimental effects on cells in a 1 mm chamber that mimicking 3D tissue with a decrease in cell migration speed and an increase in necrosis and apoptosis. Using the chip, we were able to select optimal stimulation schemes that were effective in guiding cells with minimal detrimental effects. This experimental system can be used to determine optimal electrical stimulation schemes for cell migration, survival with minimal detrimental effects on cells, which will facilitate to bring electrical stimulation for use.
直流（DC）电刺激已被证明对调节细胞行为具有显著作用。然而，将该技术转化为临床应用必须克服几个障碍，包括焦耳热产生、pH值和离子浓度变化以及对细胞有害的电极产物。在厚度大于0.8毫米的厚组织中施加直流电压会导致温度、pH值和离子浓度发生显著变化。在本研究中，我们开发了一种多场多室电趋化芯片以及各种刺激方案，以确定有效且安全的刺激策略来引导人血管内皮细胞迁移。腔室厚度为1毫米的电趋化芯片允许在一次实验中施加10种电压。直流电场对模拟三维组织的1毫米腔室内的细胞产生有害影响，导致细胞迁移速度降低以及坏死和凋亡增加。使用该芯片，我们能够选择在引导细胞的同时对细胞产生最小有害影响的最佳刺激方案。该实验系统可用于确定对细胞迁移、存活有效的最佳电刺激方案，且对细胞产生的有害影响最小，这将有助于推动电刺激的应用。
