State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jan 10;803:149868. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149868. Epub 2021 Aug 27.
To investigate the mechanisms and potential risks of river eco-remediation, river water, sediment, and biofilms in remediation facilities were sampled from a 2-year full scale eco-remediation site in an urban river in southeastern China. The samples from both remediated and adjacent control areas were analyzed for chemical properties and functional microbial community structures. The eco-remediation significantly changed the community structures in the river and introduced much more diverse functional microorganisms in facility biofilms. Corresponding to effective reduction of organics and ammonium in river water, some labile-organics-degrading and ammonia-oxidizing gene families showed higher abundances in river water of remediated area than control area, and were obviously more abundant in facility biofilms than in river water and sediment. The eco-remediation facilities showed obvious absorption of N, P, and heavy metals (Mn, Cr, Fe, Al, As, Co), contributing to nutrients and metals removal from river water. The eco-remediation also increased transparency and sedimentation of some heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn), which probably associated with colloids breakdown. Various metal-resistance microorganisms showed different abundances between facility biofilms and sediment, in accordance with relative metals. Most detected pathogens were not significantly affected by eco-remediation. However, our measurements in sediment and facilities showed heavy metals accumulation and development of some pathogens and several antibiotic-resistance pathogens, alerting us to investigate and control these potential risks to ecosystem and human health.
为了探究河流生态修复的机制和潜在风险，从中国东南部城市河流的一个为期两年的全尺度生态修复现场，采集了修复设施中的河水、沉积物和生物膜样本。对来自修复区和相邻对照区的样本进行了化学性质和功能微生物群落结构分析。生态修复显著改变了河流的群落结构，并在设施生物膜中引入了更多具有多样性的功能微生物。相应于河水有机物质和氨氮的有效降低，一些易降解有机物质降解和氨氧化基因家族在修复区河水中的丰度高于对照区，且在设施生物膜中明显比在河水和沉积物中更为丰富。生态修复设施对 N、P 和重金属（Mn、Cr、Fe、Al、As、Co）表现出明显的吸收作用，有助于从河水中去除营养物质和重金属。生态修复还增加了一些重金属（Cu、Pb、Zn）的透明度和沉淀，这可能与胶体的分解有关。各种金属抗性微生物在设施生物膜和沉积物中的丰度存在差异，与相对金属含量一致。大多数检测到的病原体未受到生态修复的显著影响。然而，我们在沉积物和设施中的测量结果表明，重金属积累和一些病原体以及几种抗生素抗性病原体的发展，提醒我们调查和控制这些对生态系统和人类健康的潜在风险。
