在印度本地治里的建筑工人中，通过使用世界卫生组织酒精、吸烟及物质使用筛查测试评估烟草和酒精使用的患病率及健康风险评分。
Prevalence and health risk score of tobacco and alcohol use by using the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test among construction workers in Puducherry, India.
作者信息
Kumar Jaswant, Saya Ganesh Kumar, Kanungo Srikanta
机构信息
Department of AYUSH, Alwal, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
出版信息
Ind Psychiatry J. 2021 Jan-Jun;30(1):47-54. doi: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_6_20. Epub 2021 Jun 17.
BACKGROUND
Construction workers are one of the important neglected occupation groups. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and health risk score of tobacco and alcohol use and its association with sociodemographic factors and self-reported morbidities among construction workers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 male construction workers in a tertiary care medical institution in Puducherry, India. A semi-structured questionnaire based on the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) guidelines for assessment and health risk score of alcohol and tobacco use was used. The association of current tobacco and alcohol use with associated factors was analyzed by univariate analysis.
RESULTS
About 371 male construction workers participated. The mean (standard deviation) age of construction workers was 28.28 (9.04) years. The prevalence of current tobacco and alcohol use was 60.1% (223/371) and 47.7% (177/371), respectively. Out of 133 smokers, 60.9% (81) were used only bidi, 27.1% (36) only cigarette, and 12% (16) both bidi and cigarette. Most of the workers (126/151 [83.4%]) used khaini among smokeless tobacco users. The majority (204/241 [84.6%]) of ever smokers and nearly half of alcohol users (103 [49.8%]) had moderate risk based on ASSIST score. Higher current tobacco consumption is associated with higher age group, married, lower education status, unskilled occupation, contractual workers, migrants from other states, more duration of work in construction field, and the presence of self-reported health problems ( < 0.05). Current alcohol consumption is associated with more duration of work in construction field and the presence of self-reported health problems ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Tobacco and alcohol use is high, and health risk due to substance use is also more in construction workers.
背景
建筑工人是重要的被忽视职业群体之一。本研究旨在评估建筑工人烟草和酒精使用的患病率、健康风险评分及其与社会人口学因素和自我报告疾病的关联。
材料与方法
在印度本地治里一家三级医疗保健机构对400名男性建筑工人进行了一项横断面研究。使用了一份基于世界卫生组织酒精、吸烟和物质使用筛查测试（ASSIST）指南的半结构化问卷，用于评估和计算烟草和酒精使用的健康风险评分。通过单因素分析分析当前烟草和酒精使用与相关因素的关联。
结果
约371名男性建筑工人参与。建筑工人的平均（标准差）年龄为28.28（9.04）岁。当前烟草和酒精使用的患病率分别为60.1%（223/371）和47.7%（177/371）。在133名吸烟者中，60.9%（81人）仅使用比迪烟，27.1%（36人）仅使用香烟，12%（16人）既使用比迪烟又使用香烟。在无烟烟草使用者中，大多数工人（126/151 [83.4%]）使用嚼烟。根据ASSIST评分，大多数曾经吸烟者（204/241 [84.6%]）和近一半的酒精使用者（103人 [49.8%]）有中度风险。当前较高的烟草消费量与较高年龄组、已婚、较低教育程度、非技术职业、合同工、来自其他邦的移民、在建筑领域更长的工作时长以及自我报告的健康问题相关（P<0.05）。当前的酒精消费与在建筑领域更长的工作时长以及自我报告的健康问题相关（P<0.05）。
结论
建筑工人中烟草和酒精使用率较高，物质使用导致的健康风险也更高。
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