Applebaum Jennifer W, MacLean Evan L, McDonald Shelby E
University of Florida, Department of Sociology and Criminology & Law, Gainesville, FL, USA.
University of Arizona, School of Anthropology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2021 Aug;7. doi: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100071. Epub 2021 Jul 7.
Love and strong social bonds are known buffers in the experience of adversity. Humans often form strong bonds with non-human animals. The human-animal bond refers to a mutually beneficial and dynamic relationship between humans and non-human animals. Previous research suggests that strong bonds with pets may promote resilience in the experience of adversity, but a strong bond with a pet can also complicate this very experience of adversity, particularly among low-resourced and disadvantaged populations. What is the role of the human-animal bond in adversity, and what is the role of adversity in the bond between a human and a non-human animal? In this article we outline the state of research on the role of various types and sources of adversities in multispecies households (i.e., families, relationships) to consider this overarching question. We focus specifically on intimate partner violence, housing discrimination, LGBTQ+ identity-based discrimination, racism, neighborhood disadvantage, and economic inequality. We then outline an agenda for future research about love, adversity, and multispecies relationships, and discuss implications for public policy and community-based interventions.
爱与牢固的社会关系是已知的逆境体验缓冲因素。人类常常与非人类动物建立起牢固的关系。人兽关系指的是人类与非人类动物之间互利且动态的关系。先前的研究表明，与宠物建立牢固关系可能会增强面对逆境时的复原力，但与宠物的紧密关系也可能使这种逆境体验变得复杂，尤其是在资源匮乏和处境不利的人群中。人兽关系在逆境中扮演着怎样的角色？逆境在人与非人类动物之间的关系中又扮演着怎样的角色？在本文中，我们概述了关于各类逆境及其来源在多物种家庭（即家庭、关系）中所起作用的研究现状，以思考这个总体问题。我们特别关注亲密伴侣暴力、住房歧视、基于 LGBTQ+ 身份的歧视、种族主义、邻里劣势以及经济不平等。然后，我们勾勒出未来关于爱、逆境和多物种关系的研究议程，并讨论其对公共政策和基于社区的干预措施的影响。
