Barros Priscilla Kelly Silva, Castro Felipe Nalon, Pessoa Daniel Marques Almeida
Laboratory of Sensory Ecology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil; Primate Center, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
Laboratory of Human Behavior Evolution, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
Behav Processes. 2021 Nov;192:104495. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104495. Epub 2021 Sep 4.
In primates, the advantage of trichromacy (i.e., color vision expressed by most humans) over dichromacy (i.e., color vision expressed by many colorblind humans) has been linked to the detection of yellowish/reddish targets against a background of mature green leaves. Nevertheless, mostly because of studies conducted in humans, we know that achromatic cues might also play an important role in object identification, particularly when camouflage is involved. For instance, dichromacy favors the detection of camouflaged targets by exploitation of shape cues. The present study sought to evaluate the relative importance of color and shape cues on the detection of food targets by female and male marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Animals were observed with respect to their foraging behavior and the number of food targets captured. We confirmed that females are advantageous in detecting conspicuous food against a green background and revealed that females and males rely on shape cues to segregate cryptic food. Unexpectedly, males outperformed females in cryptic food foraging, while camouflage improved males' (but not females') performance. Here we show that dichromats could potentially benefit from a better segregation of green natural targets (e.g., immature fruits, green insects, and gum trees) when viewed against a green dappled background.
在灵长类动物中，三色视觉（即大多数人类所具有的色觉）相对于二色视觉（即许多色盲人类所具有的色觉）的优势与在成熟绿叶背景下检测淡黄色/红色目标有关。然而，主要由于在人类中进行的研究，我们知道消色差线索在物体识别中也可能起重要作用，特别是在涉及伪装的情况下。例如，二色视觉通过利用形状线索有利于检测伪装目标。本研究旨在评估颜色和形状线索对雌性和雄性狨猴（绢毛猴）检测食物目标的相对重要性。观察动物的觅食行为以及捕获的食物目标数量。我们证实，雌性在绿色背景下检测显眼食物方面具有优势，并发现雌性和雄性依靠形状线索来区分隐蔽食物。出乎意料的是，在隐蔽食物觅食方面雄性表现优于雌性，而伪装提高了雄性（但不是雌性）的表现。在这里我们表明，当在绿色斑驳背景下观察时，二色视者可能会从更好地区分绿色自然目标（如未成熟果实、绿色昆虫和胶树）中受益。
