Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021 Nov 1;34(6):525-531. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000750.
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a new diagnosis in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).
DSM-5 BED is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
BED is often invisible and overlooked, perhaps due to societal biases. For this reason, prevention, detection, and management of BED are closely linked with social justice and equity.
暴食障碍（BED）是《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）和《国际疾病分类》第十一版（ICD-11）中的一个新诊断。
据估计，DSM-5 暴食障碍目前影响全球 1.5%的女性和 0.3%的男性；终生诊断 DSM-5 暴食障碍的女性报告率为 0.6-1.8%，男性为 0.3-0.7%。在青少年中，暴食障碍更为普遍，但往往是短暂的。许多患有暴食障碍的成年人报告长期存在症状；不到一半的人在医疗保健中得到识别。常见的共病包括肥胖、2 型糖尿病和高血压。在一项基于美国的全国代表性研究中，高达 23%的暴食障碍患者曾试图自杀，几乎所有人（94%）报告有终生心理健康症状：70%的情绪障碍，68%的物质使用障碍，59%的焦虑障碍，49%的边缘型人格障碍，32%的创伤后应激障碍。关于死亡率的数据很少，但暴食障碍的标准化死亡率估计为 1.5-1.8。各种少数族裔地位、贫困、暴力、创伤和主要精神疾病可能会增加暴食障碍的风险。
暴食障碍常常是无形的和被忽视的，这可能是由于社会偏见所致。出于这个原因，暴食障碍的预防、发现和管理与社会公正和公平密切相关。
