Cutting J, David A, Murphy D
Insitute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Psychopathology. 1987;20(3-4):213-9. doi: 10.1159/000284501.
Schizophrenics were compared with neurotic controls on four tests of categorical thinking in an attempt to discover the nature of overinclusive thinking. The tests provided both verbal and nonverbal measures of conceptual loosening, the proportion of out-of-category items, distortion of the internal structure of a category and any tendency towards overcategorization. The results showed that schizophrenics were relatively worse on nonverbal than on verbal categories with, in particular, a greater degree of conceptual loosening and a tendency towards overcategorization. The most striking abnormality emerged during observation of the actual sorting strategy itself. Schizophrenics tackled the task in a way which suggests that they lack the ability to form a Gestalt of the task.
为了探究过度包容性思维的本质，对精神分裂症患者和神经症对照组进行了四项范畴思维测试。这些测试提供了概念松散的语言和非语言测量方法、范畴外项目的比例、范畴内部结构的扭曲以及任何过度范畴化的倾向。结果表明，精神分裂症患者在非语言范畴上比在语言范畴上表现得相对更差，尤其是概念松散程度更高，且有过度范畴化的倾向。在观察实际分类策略本身的过程中，出现了最显著的异常情况。精神分裂症患者处理任务的方式表明他们缺乏形成任务整体概念的能力。
