The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, Institute of Urban Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 27;18(17):9074. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179074.
Under the controversial background of "Northwestern China is gradually developing towards warm and humid", how hydrological drought responds to meteorological drought at the endorheic basin is of great significance. To address this problem, we first analyzed the spatiotemporal variation of meteorological and hydrological droughts at Tarim Basin River from 1960 to 2014 by using the daily standardized precipitation index (SPI) and daily standardized terrestrial water storage index (SWSI) based on the reanalysis data. Thereafter, we explored the spatiotemporal response of hydrological drought to meteorological drought on the multi-time scale by using the cross-wavelet transform method, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), and correlation analysis. We find that: (1) both meteorological and hydrological droughts signified a gradually weakened trend in time; (2) meteorological and hydrological drought have significant resonance periods on the 10-month time scale and the 8-year time scale; (3) hydrological drought generally lags behind the meteorological drought by 7 days in plains areas, while it can last as long as several months or even a year in mountainous areas.
在“西北逐渐向暖湿化发展”这一颇具争议的背景下，内流盆地的水文干旱对气象干旱的响应如何具有重要意义。为解决这一问题，我们首先利用再分析数据，基于逐日标准化降水指数（SPI）和逐日标准化陆地水储量指数（SWSI），分析了 1960 年至 2014 年塔里木河流域气象和水文干旱的时空变化。此后，我们利用交叉小波变换、集合经验模态分解（EEMD）和相关分析等方法，探究了多时间尺度下水文干旱对气象干旱的时空响应。研究发现：（1）气象干旱和水文干旱均呈现出逐渐减弱的趋势；（2）气象干旱和水文干旱在 10 个月时间尺度和 8 年时间尺度上具有显著的共振周期；（3）平原地区的水文干旱通常滞后气象干旱 7 天，而在山区则可能滞后数月甚至 1 年。
