南非的社会经济不平等与肥胖问题——一项分解分析。
Socioeconomic Inequalities and Obesity in South Africa-A Decomposition Analysis.
机构信息
CINCH Health Economics Research Center, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Berliner Platz 6-8, 45127 Essen, Germany.
Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 31;18(17):9181. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179181.
BACKGROUND
Prior evidence shows that inequalities are related to overweight and obesity in South Africa. Using data from a recent national study, we examine the socioeconomic inequalities associated with obesity in South Africa and the factors associated with it.
METHODS
We use quantitative data from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1) carried out in 2012. We estimate the concentration index (CI) to identify inequalities and decompose the CI to explore the determinants of these inequalities.
RESULTS
We confirm the existence of pro-rich inequalities associated with obesity in South Africa. The inequalities among males are larger (CI of 0.16) than among women (CI of 0.09), though more women are obese than men. Marriage increases the risk of obesity for women and men, while smoking decreases the risk of obesity among men significantly. Higher education is associated with lower inequalities among females.
CONCLUSIONS
We recommend policies to focus on promoting a healthy lifestyle, including the individual's perception of a healthy body size and image, especially among women.
背景
先前的证据表明，不平等现象与南非的超重和肥胖有关。本研究利用最近的一项全国性研究的数据，调查了与南非肥胖相关的社会经济不平等现象及其相关因素。
方法
我们使用了 2012 年进行的南非国家健康和营养调查（SANHANES-1）的定量数据。我们估计了集中指数（CI）以确定不平等现象，并对其进行了分解，以探讨这些不平等现象的决定因素。
结果
我们证实了南非肥胖存在与富人相关的不平等现象。男性的不平等程度（CI 为 0.16）大于女性（CI 为 0.09），尽管女性肥胖的人数多于男性。婚姻会增加女性和男性肥胖的风险，而吸烟则显著降低了男性肥胖的风险。受教育程度较高与女性的不平等程度降低有关。
结论
我们建议采取政策来关注促进健康的生活方式，包括个人对健康体型和形象的认知，特别是针对女性。
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