University of Sarajevo-Faculty of Pharmacy, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
University of Sarajevo-Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 9;11(1):17952. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97305-4.
Efforts to reduce air pollution in developing countries may require increased use of biomass fuels. Even biomass fuels are a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels there is limited quantitative information concerning heavy metal content in their ashes. Therefore, this study focuses on the determination of the heavy metal concentrations in wood pellet ash obtained from the combustion of 10 pellet brans from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Italy, the effects of adding the ashes to soils, and the assessment of health risk assessment. Ash content was determined by gravimetric method. The amount and composition of ash remaining after combustion of wood pellets varies considerably according to the type of biomass and wood from which the pellet is made. Samples were prepared by wet digestion using HNO, and heavy metals are determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy-flame and graphite furnace. The results showed that the lowest concentration in ashes was obtained for Co 0.01 mg kg and the highest for Fe 571.63 mg kg. The Hazard Index (HI), calculated for non-cancerous substances for children was 2.23E-01, and the total Risk index was 4.54E-05. As for adults, HI was 1.51E-02, while the Risk index value was 3.21E-06. Human health risk calculated through HI and Risk index for children and adults associated with analyzed pellets is not of significant concern. The calculated enrichment factor and metal pollution index for wood pellet ashes indicate the risk of soil contamination with heavy metals. From this point of view, analyzed samples of ashes could be a serious contaminant of soil, so further monitoring is required.
发展中国家为减少空气污染而做出的努力可能需要增加对生物质燃料的使用。即使生物质燃料是化石燃料的可持续替代品，它们的灰烬中重金属含量的定量信息也很有限。因此，本研究专注于测定 10 种来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那和意大利的木屑颗粒燃烧后灰分中的重金属浓度，研究向土壤中添加灰分的影响，并评估健康风险评估。灰分含量通过重量法测定。燃烧木屑颗粒后残留的灰分的数量和组成根据生物质的类型和制造颗粒的木材而有很大差异。样品通过使用 HNO 的湿法消解进行制备，重金属通过原子吸收光谱火焰和石墨炉进行测定。结果表明，灰烬中的最低浓度为 Co（0.01mg/kg），最高浓度为 Fe（571.63mg/kg）。为儿童计算的非致癌物质的危害指数（HI）为 2.23E-01，总风险指数为 4.54E-05。对于成年人，HI 为 1.51E-02，而风险指数值为 3.21E-06。通过 HI 和风险指数为儿童和成年人计算的人类健康风险与分析的颗粒相关，并不值得关注。木屑灰分的富集因子和金属污染指数的计算表明存在重金属污染土壤的风险。从这个角度来看，分析的灰分样本可能是土壤的严重污染物，因此需要进一步监测。
