Songjang Worawat, Nensat Chatchai, Pongcharoen Sutatip, Jiraviriyakul Arunya
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
Biomed Rep. 2021 Oct;15(4):86. doi: 10.3892/br.2021.1462. Epub 2021 Aug 17.
Modern cancer immunotherapy techniques are aimed at enhancing the responses of the patients' immune systems to fight against the cancer. The main promising strategies include active vaccination of tumor antigens, passive vaccination with antibodies specific to cancer antigens, adoptive transfer of cancer-specific T cells and manipulation of the patient's immune response by inhibiting immune checkpoints. The application of immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers has been proven to enhance the immunity of patients undergoing various types of immunotherapy. The dying, stressed or injured cells release or present molecules on the cell surface, which function as either adjuvants or danger signals for detection by the innate immune system. These molecules are now termed 'damage-associated molecular patterns'. The term 'ICD' indicates a type of cell death that triggers an immune response against dead-cell antigens, particularly those derived from cancer cells, and it was initially proposed with regards to the effects of anticancer chemotherapy with conventional cytotoxic drugs. The aim of the present study was to review and discuss the role and mechanisms of ICD as a promising combined immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tumors.
现代癌症免疫治疗技术旨在增强患者免疫系统对抗癌症的反应。主要有前景的策略包括肿瘤抗原的主动疫苗接种、针对癌症抗原的特异性抗体的被动疫苗接种、癌症特异性T细胞的过继转移以及通过抑制免疫检查点来操纵患者的免疫反应。免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD）诱导剂的应用已被证明可增强接受各种类型免疫治疗患者的免疫力。濒死、应激或受损细胞在细胞表面释放或呈现分子，这些分子作为佐剂或危险信号供先天免疫系统检测。这些分子现在被称为“损伤相关分子模式”。“ICD”一词表示一种细胞死亡类型，它引发针对死细胞抗原的免疫反应，特别是那些源自癌细胞的抗原，最初是针对传统细胞毒性药物的抗癌化疗效果提出的。本研究的目的是综述和讨论ICD作为一种有前景的胃肠道肿瘤联合免疫治疗方法的作用和机制。
