Mbunge Elliot, Millham Richard, Sibiya Nokuthula, Takavarasha Sam
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Eswatini, P Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Eswatini.
Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Accounting and Informatics, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2021 Nov;2:100168. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100168. Epub 2021 Jul 29.
Malaria remains a public health problem decimating vulnerable populace especially in resource-constrained areas in Zimbabwe. Significant progress towards malaria elimination has beenik made in the previous decades through intensified and improved malaria control measures such as indoor residual spraying (IRS), distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN), artemisinin-based combination therapy and administration of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy. However, the outbreak of pandemics like coronavirus disease (COVID-19), cyclones and tropical storms, lack of funding, porous political environment, dearth of resources for vector control, changes in vector behaviour, vector resistance to insecticides, community behavioural change and lack of feasible and sustainable digital technologies for managing malaria control interventions retards progress made towards malaria elimination. Also, arbitrary political environment and unstable economic situation often interfere with health programmes which subsequently lead to malaria outbreaks. Most recently, the country recorded a sharp increase in malaria incidences in malaria-endemic areas especially during the pandemic due to some factors such as movement restrictions, temporary cancellation of IRS activities, delayed delivery of IRS chemicals and recursive lockdown. Therefore, we propose ways to mitigate future malaria outbreaks and advocate for reconsidering malaria elimination strategies to addresses emerging challenges in eradicating malaria in Zimbabwe.
疟疾仍然是一个公共卫生问题,正在夺去弱势群体的生命,尤其是在津巴布韦资源匮乏的地区。在过去几十年里,通过强化和改进疟疾控制措施,如室内滞留喷洒(IRS)、分发长效驱虫蚊帐(LLIN)、以青蒿素为基础的联合疗法以及在孕期进行间歇性预防治疗,在消除疟疾方面取得了重大进展。然而,冠状病毒病(COVID-19)、气旋和热带风暴等大流行病的爆发、资金短缺、政治环境不稳定、病媒控制资源匮乏、病媒行为变化、病媒对杀虫剂产生抗药性、社区行为改变以及缺乏用于管理疟疾控制干预措施的可行且可持续的数字技术,阻碍了在消除疟疾方面取得的进展。此外,任意的政治环境和不稳定的经济形势常常干扰卫生项目,进而导致疟疾疫情爆发。最近,由于一些因素,如行动限制、IRS活动的临时取消、IRS化学品的延迟交付以及反复的封锁,该国疟疾流行地区的疟疾发病率急剧上升,尤其是在疫情期间。因此,我们提出了减轻未来疟疾疫情爆发的方法,并主张重新考虑疟疾消除战略,以应对津巴布韦在根除疟疾方面出现的新挑战。