Henschel Elisabeth, Katz Axel M, Costa Wilson J E M
Laboratory of Systematics and Evolution of Teleost Fishes, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Fish Biol. 2021 Dec;99(6):1990-1997. doi: 10.1111/jfb.14906. Epub 2021 Oct 4.
A new species of the candiru genus Paracanthopoma is described from the floodplains of the Bananal Island, a transition area between the Cerrado and Amazon, in the Araguaia River basin, central Brazil. Paracanthopoma cangussu sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners, Paracanthopoma parva and Paracanthopoma saci, by the presence of seven opercular odontodes, five dentary teeth, five median premaxillary teeth, and first dorsal-fin pterygiophore in a vertical through the centrum of the 23th or 24th vertebra. It is further distinguished from each congener by an exclusive combination of character states, comprising the number of vertebrae, number of precaudal vertebrae, number of dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays, number of ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays, number of dorsal-fin rays, disposition of pores on the cephalic portion of the latero-sensory system, absence of an anterior process on the anterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital, number of dorsal-fin pteryigiophores and number of interopercular odontodes. Although vandelliines are known for being exclusively hematophagous, with guts gorged with blood, two cleared and stained specimens of P. cangussu sp. nov. had Chironomidae larvae (Insecta) on their guts. Because most specimens of P. cangussu sp. nov. were collected with stomachs filled with blood, it was hypothesized that the species feeds accidentally or occasionally on insects.
一种新的寄生鲶属物种——Paracanthopoma被描述于巴西中部阿拉瓜亚河流域的巴纳纳尔岛洪泛平原，该区域是塞拉多和亚马逊之间的过渡地带。新物种Paracanthopoma cangussu sp. nov. 与其同属物种Paracanthopoma parva和Paracanthopoma saci的区别在于，它有7个鳃盖齿、5颗齿骨齿、5颗上颌中央齿，且第一背鳍鳍基骨位于第23或24节椎体中心的垂直线上。它还通过一系列独特的特征组合与每个同属物种相区分，这些特征包括椎骨数量、尾前椎骨数量、背尾鳍前向鳍条数量、腹尾鳍前向鳍条数量、背鳍鳍条数量、侧线感觉系统头部部分的孔的分布、顶枕骨前缘无前突、背鳍鳍基骨数量和鳃盖间齿数量。尽管寄生鲶科以专性吸血且肠道充满血液而闻名，但新物种Paracanthopoma cangussu sp. nov. 的两个经透明和染色处理的标本肠道中有摇蚊幼虫（昆虫纲）。由于大多数新物种Paracanthopoma cangussu sp. nov. 的标本采集时胃中充满血液，因此推测该物种会偶然或偶尔捕食昆虫。
