[基于营养与健康促进国家研究所（NutrIMSS）项目的糖尿病前期患者教育策略]

[Educational strategy based on the NutrIMSS program in patients with prediabetes].

作者信息

Ortiz-Campos Ana María, Chacón-Valladares Paula, Estrada-Andrade María Elena, Gómez-Alonso Carlos, Muñoz-Cortés Gerardo

机构信息

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 80, Coordinación de Educación e Investigación en Salud.

Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Colegio Primitivo y Nacional de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Departamento de Educación.

出版信息

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2020 Sep 1;58(5):566-573. doi: 10.24875/RMIMSS.M20000086.

DOI:10.24875/RMIMSS.M20000086

PMID:34520144

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Prediabetes is an altered metabolic state of glucose; it does not present symptoms, it is considered an intermediate stage in the progression to diabetes; it is possible to detect it early to avoid or delay the disease. NutrIMSS strategy was implemented so that these patients achieve a healthy lifestyle.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention based on the NutrIMSS strategy on somatometric and biochemical parameters in patients with prediabetes.

METHOD

Quasi-experimental study in the Family Medicine Unit No. 80 of Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico, in patients 20 to 59 years of age, with diagnosis of prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL). The educational intervention included three educational sessions, six consultations with nutrition and inclusion to the social security center, from March to August 2017. Initial anthropometric and biochemical measurements were taken and in the sixth month. The data were presented as median and interquartile range or mean ± standard deviation, and Student's t and Wilcoxon tests, with a significance value of p < 0.05.

RESULTS

45 patients, 66.7% women. Previous and after the intervention parameters were, respectively: weight (kg), 79.9 (56.5-114) and 77.5 (54.6-110) (p = 0.001); body mass index (kg/m2), 30.89 (23.2-39.9) and 29.0 (21.5-39.1) (p < 0.001); glucose (mg/dL), 111 ± 6.3 and 95.8 ± 9.2 (p < 0.001); and total cholesterol (mg/dL): 171 (120-223) and 170 (90-205) (p = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

The educational intervention based on the NutrIMSS strategy has a positive impact on the metabolic control of patients with prediabetes.

摘要

背景

糖尿病前期是一种葡萄糖代谢状态改变；它没有症状，被认为是糖尿病进展的中间阶段；有可能早期检测到它以避免或延缓疾病。实施了营养与健康保险研究所（NutrIMSS）策略，以便这些患者实现健康的生活方式。

目的

评估基于NutrIMSS策略的教育干预对糖尿病前期患者体测和生化参数的影响。

方法

在墨西哥米却肯州莫雷利亚市第80家庭医学单元进行的准实验研究，研究对象为20至59岁、诊断为糖尿病前期（空腹血糖受损100 - 125mg/dL）的患者。教育干预包括2017年3月至8月的三次教育课程、六次营养咨询以及加入社会保障中心。在干预前和第六个月进行了初始人体测量和生化测量。数据以中位数和四分位间距或均值±标准差表示，并采用学生t检验和威尔科克森检验，显著性值为p < 0.05。

结果

45名患者，66.7%为女性。干预前后的参数分别为：体重（kg），79.9（56.5 - 114）和77.5（54.6 - 110）（p = 0.001）；体重指数（kg/m²），30.89（23.2 - 39.9）和29.0（21.5 - 39.1）（p < 0.001）；血糖（mg/dL），111 ± 6.3和95.8 ± 9.2（p < 0.001）；总胆固醇（mg/dL）：171（120 - 223）和170（90 - 205）（p = 0.01）。