University of Minnesota, Department of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Fate Therapeutics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Cell Stem Cell. 2021 Dec 2;28(12):2062-2075.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.08.013. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
Select subsets of immune effector cells have the greatest propensity to mediate antitumor responses. However, procuring these subsets is challenging, and cell-based immunotherapy is hampered by limited effector-cell persistence and lack of on-demand availability. To address these limitations, we generated a triple-gene-edited induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC). The clonal iPSC line was engineered to express a high affinity, non-cleavable version of the Fc receptor CD16a and a membrane-bound interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15R fusion protein. The third edit was a knockout of the ecto-enzyme CD38, which hydrolyzes NAD. Natural killer (NK) cells derived from these uniformly engineered iPSCs, termed iADAPT, displayed metabolic features and gene expression profiles mirroring those of cytomegalovirus-induced adaptive NK cells. iADAPT NK cells persisted in vivo in the absence of exogenous cytokine and elicited superior antitumor activity. Our findings suggest that unique subsets of the immune system can be modeled through iPSC technology for effective treatment of patients with advanced cancer.
选择具有最大介导抗肿瘤反应倾向的免疫效应细胞亚群。然而,获取这些亚群具有挑战性,并且细胞免疫疗法受到效应细胞持久性有限和按需可用性缺乏的阻碍。为了解决这些限制,我们生成了一个三重基因编辑的诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC)。克隆 iPSC 系被设计表达高亲和力、不可切割的 Fc 受体 CD16a 和膜结合白细胞介素 (IL)-15/IL-15R 融合蛋白。第三个编辑是外切酶 CD38 的敲除,该酶水解 NAD。源自这些均匀工程化 iPSC 的自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞,称为 iADAPT,表现出代谢特征和基因表达谱与巨细胞病毒诱导的适应性 NK 细胞相似。在没有外源性细胞因子的情况下,iADAPT NK 细胞在体内持续存在,并引发了更好的抗肿瘤活性。我们的研究结果表明,可以通过 iPSC 技术对免疫系统的独特亚群进行建模,以有效治疗晚期癌症患者。
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