University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, Clay Center, NE, 68933, USA.
BMC Res Notes. 2021 Sep 16;14(1):361. doi: 10.1186/s13104-021-05757-8.
Realimentation can compensate for weight loss from poor-quality feedstuffs or drought. Mature cows fluctuate in body weight throughout the year due to nutrient availability. The objective of this study was to determine whether cows that differ in weight gain during realimentation also differ in the abundance of transcripts for enzymes associated with energy utilization in skeletal muscle. Mature cows were subjected to feed restriction followed by ad libitum feed. Skeletal muscle transcriptome expression differences during the two feeding periods were determined from cows with greater (n = 6) and less (n = 6) weight gain during the ad libitum feeding period.
A total of 567 differentially expressed genes (408 up- and 159 down-regulated) were identified for the comparison of restriction and ad libitum periods (P < 0.05). These genes were over-represented in lysosome, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism pathways. Validation of the expression of five of the genes was performed and four were confirmed. These data suggest that realimentation weight gain for all cows is partially controlled by protein turnover, but oxidative stress and cellular signaling pathways are also involved in the muscle tissue. This dataset provides insight into molecular mechanisms utilized by mature cows during realimentation after a period of low abundance feed.
再营养可以补偿由于劣质饲料或干旱造成的体重减轻。由于营养物质的可利用性，成熟奶牛的体重全年都在波动。本研究的目的是确定在再营养过程中体重增加不同的奶牛，其与骨骼肌能量利用相关的酶的转录本丰度是否也不同。成熟奶牛经历了饲料限制，然后是自由采食。从自由采食期间体重增加较多（n = 6）和较少（n = 6）的奶牛中确定了两个喂养期之间骨骼肌转录组表达差异。
为了比较限制期和自由采食期，共鉴定出 567 个差异表达基因（408 个上调和 159 个下调）（P < 0.05）。这些基因在溶酶体、氨酰-tRNA 生物合成和谷胱甘肽代谢途径中过表达。对其中 5 个基因的表达进行了验证，其中 4 个得到了证实。这些数据表明，所有奶牛的再营养体重增加部分由蛋白质周转控制，但氧化应激和细胞信号通路也参与了肌肉组织。该数据集提供了对成熟奶牛在低营养饲料期后再营养期间利用的分子机制的深入了解。
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