Kuti B P
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2021 Sep;24(9):1268-1276. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_156_20.
Epidemiologic studies have reported increasing prevalence of childhood asthma in Nigeria and other developing countries where there are parallel increases in school enrolments. Children with asthma face lots of challenges in school which can affect their academic performance and quality of life. This narrative review highlights the challenges and the risks of schooling encountered by Nigerian children with asthma and the prospects of utilizing the School Health Programme (SHP) to overcome these challenges. An electronic search of relevant published articles from 2000 to 2020 was carried out using appropriate search engines for the following words: "schooling", "childhood asthma", "school health programme", "school environment," "health instructions", "school health services" and "asthma care in schools". The challenges and risks the school age asthmatics encounter in school include discrimination and victimization, exposure to triggers on the road and in the school environment, poor and non-existence asthma care services in schools, suboptimal knowledge of teachers and caregivers about childhood asthma hence poor asthma-related instructions and increased school absenteeism. The prospects of SHP as a tool to overcome these challenges are highlighted. These include the roles expected to be played by all stakeholders - the government and education authorities need to revise and more effectively implement the school health policy. The roles of asthma care professionals include the need to "adopt" schools to ensure optimal asthma care for the school population and the all-important enlightenment of teachers, school health workers, parents/caregivers and school children for overall improved asthma care delivery in Nigerian schools.
流行病学研究报告称，在尼日利亚和其他发展中国家，儿童哮喘的患病率不断上升，与此同时，入学率也在同步上升。哮喘儿童在学校面临诸多挑战，这些挑战会影响他们的学业成绩和生活质量。本叙述性综述强调了尼日利亚哮喘儿童在上学过程中遇到的挑战和风险，以及利用学校健康计划（SHP）克服这些挑战的前景。使用适当的搜索引擎，对2000年至2020年发表的相关文章进行了电子检索，检索词如下：“上学”、“儿童哮喘”、“学校健康计划”、“学校环境”、“健康指导”、“学校健康服务”和“学校哮喘护理”。学龄期哮喘患者在学校遇到的挑战和风险包括歧视和受害、在上学路上和学校环境中接触诱发因素、学校哮喘护理服务不佳或不存在、教师和照顾者对儿童哮喘的认识不足，因此哮喘相关指导不佳，以及旷课率上升。文中强调了学校健康计划作为克服这些挑战的工具的前景。这些包括所有利益相关者应发挥的作用——政府和教育当局需要修订并更有效地实施学校健康政策。哮喘护理专业人员的作用包括“接纳”学校，以确保为学校人群提供最佳哮喘护理，以及对教师、学校卫生工作者、家长/照顾者和学童进行至关重要的宣传，以全面改善尼日利亚学校的哮喘护理服务。
