Lautenschlager Florian, Weiss Manfred, Feuerer Sigrun, Wodarz Norbert
Zentrum für Suchtmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Regensburg am Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 84, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland.
Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Deutschland.
Schmerz. 2022 Apr;36(2):128-134. doi: 10.1007/s00482-021-00588-9. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
Consumption of the psychotropic plant kratom (botanical name: Mitragyna speciosa) is sometimes used for the self-medication of chronic or acute pain. An increase in the use is possible in Germany in the future.
This review provides an overview on kratom for pain specialists. The topics of the review are the pharmacological aspects, the mental effects, the effects on pain and the risks of kratom including possible addiction.
We conducted a review of literature in PubMed published until 15 January 2021 resulting in 426 publications of which 8 were specifically concerned with the topic of kratom and pain.
In addition to other alkaloids, kratom also contains 7‑hydroxymitragynine, which is active on opioid receptors. The use of kratom is not without risks, e.g. because there is no standardized form of administration as well as the possibility of direct damage to health and of addiction.
There are currently no evidence-based reasons to recommend the use of kratom as an analgesic. It is important for pain specialists to ask patients about a possible abuse of kratom and to be able to inform the patients about the potential risks of kratom.
精神活性植物 kratom（植物学名：Mitragyna speciosa）有时被用于慢性或急性疼痛的自我治疗。未来在德国其使用量可能会增加。
本综述为疼痛专家提供有关 kratom 的概述。综述主题包括药理学方面、精神效应、对疼痛的影响以及 kratom 的风险，包括可能的成瘾性。
我们对截至2021年1月15日在PubMed上发表的文献进行了综述，共检索到426篇出版物，其中8篇专门涉及kratom与疼痛的主题。
除其他生物碱外，kratom 还含有对阿片受体有活性的7-羟基帽柱木碱。使用kratom并非没有风险，例如因为不存在标准化的给药形式，以及存在直接损害健康和成瘾的可能性。
目前没有基于证据的理由推荐使用kratom作为镇痛药。对于疼痛专家来说，询问患者是否可能滥用kratom并能够告知患者kratom的潜在风险非常重要。
