Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Paavo Nurmi Centre, Sports & Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Atherosclerosis. 2021 Oct;335:23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.09.013. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
Childhood obesity is associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes (carotid intima-media thickness, cIMT; pulse-wave velocity, PWV; and carotid elasticity), and adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. In youth with obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥95th centile), we investigated associations between changes in adiposity and CVRF in early adolescence and subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes in late adolescence.
Participants had adiposity measures (the severity of obesity in percentage >95th BMI-centile (%>95th BMI-centile)), waist circumference (WC), percentage total body fat (%BF) and CVRF (systolic blood pressure, SBP; glycoprotein acetyls, GlycA; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) assessed in early (mean age 10.2 ± 3.5y) and late (15.7 ± 3.7y) adolescence. Subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes were assessed in late adolescence. Multivariable regression analysis was performed.
Decreasing the %>95th BMI-centile was associated with carotid elasticity (0.945%/10 mmHg, p = 0.002) in females, and with PWV in males (-0.75 m/s, p < 0.001). Changes in all adiposity measures (per 1-unit increase) were associated with carotid elasticity (-0.020 to -0.063%/10 mmHg, p < 0.005), and PWV (0.011-0.045 m/s, p < 0.005). Changes in GlycA (per 50μmol-increase) were associated with elasticity (-0.162%/10 mmHg, p = 0.042), and changes in SBP (per 10 mmHg-increase) were associated with PWV (0.260 m/s, p < 0.001). Adjusted for change in BMI, the coefficient for GlycA was reduced by 46% and for SBP by 12%. Only male sex was associated with cIMT (+34 μm, p = 0.006).
In youth with obesity, decreasing or maintaining the severity of obesity, and decreasing the levels of SBP and GlycA from early to late adolescence was associated with low arterial stiffness.
儿童肥胖与心血管危险因素（CVRF）、亚临床心血管表型（颈动脉内膜中层厚度、cIMT；脉搏波速度、PWV；和颈动脉弹性）以及成年心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率有关。在肥胖青少年（体重指数 BMI≥第 95 百分位数）中，我们研究了青少年早期体脂变化与亚临床心血管表型之间的关系。
参与者的体脂测量（肥胖程度的严重程度>第 95 百分位 BMI-百分位数（%>95th BMI-centile））、腰围（WC）、体脂肪百分比（%BF）和 CVRF（收缩压、SBP；糖蛋白乙酰基、GlycA；和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇）在青少年早期（平均年龄 10.2±3.5y）和晚期（15.7±3.7y）进行评估。在青少年晚期评估亚临床心血管表型。进行多变量回归分析。
%>95th BMI-百分位数的降低与女性颈动脉弹性（0.945%/10mmHg，p=0.002）和男性 PWV（-0.75m/s，p<0.001）有关。所有体脂测量（每增加 1 个单位）的变化与颈动脉弹性（-0.020 至-0.063%/10mmHg，p<0.005）和 PWV（0.011-0.045m/s，p<0.005）有关。GlycA（每增加 50μmol）的变化与弹性有关（-0.162%/10mmHg，p=0.042），SBP（每增加 10mmHg）的变化与 PWV 有关（0.260m/s，p<0.001）。调整 BMI 的变化后，GlycA 的系数降低了 46%，SBP 的系数降低了 12%。只有男性性别与 cIMT 有关（增加 34μm，p=0.006）。
在肥胖青少年中，从青少年早期到晚期减少或维持肥胖的严重程度，以及降低 SBP 和 GlycA 的水平与动脉僵硬度降低有关。
