利妥昔单抗治疗感染堪萨斯分枝杆菌的毛细胞白血病 1 例报告
Rituximab Treatment of Hairy Cell Leukemia in a Patient with Mycobacterium kansasii Infection: A Case Report.
机构信息
Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
出版信息
Oncol Res Treat. 2021;44(11):637-640. doi: 10.1159/000519301. Epub 2021 Sep 21.
INTRODUCTION
Infectious complications represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hairy cell leukemia (HCL) patients. Due to the immunosuppressive nature of the disease, these patients are frequently affected by opportunistic infections and rare pathogens. Furthermore, cytotoxic chemotherapy might lead to poor or even fatal outcomes in the setting of an active infection.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report the case of a 62-year-old HCL patient who presented with recurrent fever episodes, pancytopenia, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A treatment decision against purine analogs and for rituximab mono was made as lymph node tissue revealed disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii infection. Together with specific antimycobacterial treatment, rituximab mono led to complete hematologic remission after 6 months without aggravating the accompanying infection.
CONCLUSION
Here, we demonstrate successful treatment of HCL with rituximab in a patient with concomitant disseminated M. kansasii infection.
简介
感染并发症是毛细胞白血病（HCL）患者发病和死亡的主要原因。由于该疾病具有免疫抑制特性，这些患者经常受到机会性感染和罕见病原体的影响。此外，在活动性感染的情况下，细胞毒性化疗可能导致不良甚至致命的后果。
病例介绍
我们报告了一例 62 岁的 HCL 患者，其表现为反复发热、全血细胞减少和纵隔淋巴结病。由于淋巴结组织显示弥漫性堪萨斯分枝杆菌感染，因此决定不使用嘌呤类似物治疗，而采用利妥昔单抗单药治疗。在接受特定抗分枝杆菌治疗的同时，利妥昔单抗单药治疗 6 个月后，患者获得完全血液学缓解，且未加重伴随的感染。
结论
我们在此证明，在并发播散性 M. kansasii 感染的患者中，利妥昔单抗可成功治疗 HCL。
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