地中海式生活方式与中年成年人患抑郁症的风险

The Mediterranean Lifestyle and the Risk of Depression in Middle-Aged Adults.

作者信息

Hershey Maria S, Sanchez-Villegas Almudena, Sotos-Prieto Mercedes, Fernandez-Montero Alejandro, Pano Octavio, Lahortiga-Ramos Francisca, Martínez-González Miguel Ángel, Ruiz-Canela Miguel

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

Biomedical Research Network Centre for Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2022 Jan 11;152(1):227-234. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab333.

DOI:10.1093/jn/nxab333

PMID:34549288

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Recent evidence has indicated a greater number of protective factors are associated with a greater decreased risk for depression and depressive symptoms compared with individual factors alone. Moreover, adherence to healthy modifiable lifestyle behaviors may lower the risk of depression regardless of underlying genetic risk.

OBJECTIVES

We longitudinally evaluated the association of the Mediterranean lifestyle (MEDLIFE) with the risk of depression.

METHODS

We prospectively analyzed data from 15,279 participants (6089 men and 9190 women, mean age 37 y) in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort. The MEDLIFE index is composed of 28 items on food consumption, dietary habits, physical activity, rest, social habits, and conviviality, each of which was assigned 0 or 1 point. Final scores ranged from 0 to 28 points and were categorized into quartiles of MEDLIFE adherence. Cox proportional regression models determined the association of total MEDLIFE adherence, each item, and block with incident depression.

RESULTS

After a mean follow-up of 11.7 y, 912 (6%) incident cases of depression were reported. The mean ± SD final score for MEDLIFE adherence was 11.9 ± 2.7 points. The multivariable model showed that compared with the first quartile, the second and third quartiles of MEDLIFE adherence were significantly associated with a decreased relative risk for incident depression (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.96 and HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.89, respectively). The fourth quartile did not show a statistically significant association with incident depression (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.09).

CONCLUSIONS

MEDLIFE adherence may decrease the risk of depression in a Spanish cohort of university graduates. Given no clear association was observed among the highest MEDLIFE adherence, future studies are warranted to better understand the nature of this association. Evidence on MEDLIFE, beyond the Mediterranean diet, may contribute toward more effective prevention strategies for depression.

摘要

背景

最近的证据表明，与单一因素相比，更多的保护因素与抑郁症及抑郁症状风险的更大程度降低相关。此外，坚持健康的可改变生活方式行为可能会降低抑郁症风险，而不论潜在的遗传风险如何。

目的

我们纵向评估了地中海式生活方式（MEDLIFE）与抑郁症风险之间的关联。

方法

我们对纳瓦拉大学随访队列中的15279名参与者（6089名男性和9190名女性，平均年龄37岁）的数据进行了前瞻性分析。MEDLIFE指数由关于食物消费、饮食习惯、身体活动、休息、社交习惯和欢乐氛围的28个项目组成，每个项目被赋予0或1分。最终得分范围为0至28分，并被分为MEDLIFE依从性的四分位数。Cox比例回归模型确定了总MEDLIFE依从性、每个项目和分组与新发抑郁症之间的关联。

结果

在平均随访11.7年后，报告了912例（6%）新发抑郁症病例。MEDLIFE依从性的平均±标准差最终得分为11.9±2.7分。多变量模型显示，与第一四分位数相比，MEDLIFE依从性的第二和第三四分位数与新发抑郁症的相对风险降低显著相关（风险比：0.82；95%置信区间：0.69，0.96和风险比：0.74；95%置信区间：0.61，0.89）。第四四分位数与新发抑郁症未显示出统计学上的显著关联（风险比：0.89；95%置信区间：0.73，1.09）。