Zhang Kexin, Wu Yanan, Yi Liping, Wu Yiling, Deng Yingqi, Xu Xinxin, Wang Biying, Jiang Yonggen, Zhao Qi, Zhao Genming
Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201600, China.
Nutrients. 2025 Mar 7;17(6):942. doi: 10.3390/nu17060942.
Limited studies have investigated the association between compliance with a Mediterranean diet and depression in China. We sought to explore the potential association between the adherence to an alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED) and the risk of developing depression among adults in Eastern China. : This study used a prospective cohort design that involved a total of 52,232 individuals in the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB). A reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was utilized to evaluate dietary intake, and we calculated the aMED score for each participant, dividing them into 3 groups accordingly (score 0-3, 4-5, 6-9). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to compute the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). : The median age of participants was 58 years (IQR: 50-65), with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.59. Throughout an average 6.29 years of follow up, 1220 incident cases of depression were recorded through the ICD-10 classification codes F32 and F33. A higher level of adherence to the aMED was notably linked to a decreased risk of incident depression (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70-0.98; HR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.76-0.99; -trend = 0.009) after multivariate adjustment. Each 1-score increase in the aMED score was associated with a 5% lower risk of depression (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91-0.99), and this association was more pronounced among participants aged ≥65 years (-interaction = 0.008). : Our results suggest that following a Mediterranean diet might potentially provide mental health benefits, particularly for individuals aged 65 years and above.
在中国，仅有有限的研究调查了遵循地中海饮食与抑郁症之间的关联。我们试图探讨遵循替代地中海饮食评分（aMED）与中国东部成年人患抑郁症风险之间的潜在关联。：本研究采用前瞻性队列设计，纳入了上海郊区成人队列与生物样本库（SSACB）中的52232名个体。使用可靠的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估饮食摄入量，并计算每位参与者的aMED评分，据此将他们分为3组（评分0 - 3、4 - 5、6 - 9）。进行Cox比例风险回归分析以计算风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。：参与者的中位年龄为58岁（四分位间距：50 - 65），男女比例为1:1.59。在平均6.29年的随访期间，通过国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）编码F32和F33记录了1220例新发抑郁症病例。多因素调整后，较高水平的aMED遵循程度与新发抑郁症风险降低显著相关（HR = 0.83，95% CI = 0.70 - 0.98；HR = 0.87，95% CI = 0.76 - 0.99；-趋势 = 0.009）。aMED评分每增加1分，抑郁症风险降低5%（HR = 0.95，95% CI = 0.91 - 0.99），且这种关联在年龄≥65岁的参与者中更为明显（-交互作用 = 0.008）。：我们的结果表明，遵循地中海饮食可能对心理健康有益，尤其是对65岁及以上的个体。
