Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hebei, 050021, China.
University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(8):11831-11842. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16526-2. Epub 2021 Sep 22.
Biochar is a beneficial soil amendment; however, biochar-based properties are mainly determined by the feedstocks and the pyrolysis temperature. Nevertheless, considering the vast biomass of halophyte, little is known about how the halophyte-derived biochar improves saline soils. In this study, we firstly produced biochars by using three different halophytes, including Tamarix chinensis (recretohalophyte), Suaeda salsa (euhalophyte), and Phragmites australis (pseudo-halophyte) at 300, 500, and 700 °C, and compared their chemical and physical properties. We applied halophyte (Tamarix chinensis and Phragmites australis) biochars (pyrolysis at 500 °C) into 0-20 cm saline soil at 2% and 4% (w/w) rates to investigate the saline soil water, salt, and pH dynamics in a 12-month column experiment. The results showed that as the pyrolytic temperature increase, biochar yield and pore diameter decreased by 37.5-44.0% and 34.6-89.7%, respectively; in contrast, biochar pH, specific surface area, and total volume increased by 24.8-47.8%, 3-37 times and 1-9 times, respectively. The halophyte types significantly controlled biochar carbon and dissolved salt content and electrical conductivity. Halophyte biochar application can increase soil water and salt content, and application of 4% of Tamarix chinensis-derived biochar can increase more soil moisture than the soil salinity, and it can maintain soil pH at a stable level, which would be a potential way to improve saline soil properties. The results are valuable for choosing halophyte types and optimizing pyrolytic temperatures for halophyte biochar production through specific environmental usage.
生物炭是一种有益的土壤改良剂；然而，生物炭的特性主要取决于原料和热解温度。然而，考虑到盐生植物巨大的生物量，人们对盐生植物衍生的生物炭如何改善盐渍土壤知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们首先使用三种不同的盐生植物，包括柽柳（逆行盐生植物）、盐地碱蓬（真盐生植物）和芦苇（假盐生植物），在 300、500 和 700°C 下制备生物炭，并比较了它们的化学和物理性质。我们将盐生植物（柽柳和芦苇）生物炭（500°C 热解）以 2%和 4%（w/w）的比例添加到 0-20 cm 盐渍土壤中，以研究 12 个月柱状实验中盐渍土壤水分、盐分和 pH 值的动态变化。结果表明，随着热解温度的升高，生物炭产率和孔径分别降低了 37.5-44.0%和 34.6-89.7%；相比之下，生物炭 pH 值、比表面积和总孔体积分别增加了 24.8-47.8%、3-37 倍和 1-9 倍。盐生植物类型显著控制生物炭的碳和溶解盐含量以及电导率。盐生植物生物炭的应用可以增加土壤水分和盐分含量，而应用 4%的柽柳衍生生物炭可以增加更多的土壤水分而不是土壤盐分，并且可以将土壤 pH 值维持在稳定水平，这将是改善盐渍土壤性质的一种潜在途径。这些结果对于选择盐生植物类型和优化特定环境用途下的盐生植物生物炭生产的热解温度具有重要价值。
