Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India.
Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090.
Biol Futur. 2020 Sep;71(3):301-312. doi: 10.1007/s42977-020-00038-0. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
Halophyte is a distinctive group of plants that can survive, even well flourish, at a concentration of Na and Cl ions along with heavy metals that would be lethal to most of the agricultural crop species. These capabilities make certain halophytes good contenders for phytoremediation through phytoextraction or phytostabilization of the salt and heavy metals (HMs) in polluted soils. Thus, the present study elucidates the phytoextraction capacity of three halophytes (Suaeda monoica, Tamarix indica and Cressa critica) growing in saline soil (EC 112 ds m), with higher level of HMs rather than a cultivated soil. The accumulation of ions in above-ground tissue was determined in the all three studied plants, considering the fact that maintaining a stable cytosolic Na/K ratio has become a crucial salinity tolerance mechanism. The higher salinity of soil resulted in high level of Na ions in leaves, increased synthesis of osmolyte components and robust antioxidant activities to combat the oxidative stress. As whole, changes in cellular metabolites were determined by using FT-IR spectroscopy, evident as differential FT-IR profiles in both leaves and stem specific to these metabolites. The considerable amounts of HMs accumulation including Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, and Cd with highest being Fe in above-ground tissue of all three studied halophytes were obtained. These preliminary findings represent S. monoica, T. indica and C. cretica as potent phytoremediation plant using phytosequestration to accumulate HMs. The present study project a light on the use of these three plants in reclamation of degraded saline soils.
盐生植物是一类特殊的植物，能够在高浓度的钠离子和氯离子以及重金属离子环境中存活，甚至生长良好，而大多数农业作物物种在这种环境中都会死亡。这些特性使得某些盐生植物成为通过植物提取或植物稳定化来修复受污染土壤中盐分和重金属（HM）的良好候选者。因此，本研究阐明了在高盐分（EC 112 ds m）和高 HM 水平的盐渍土壤中生长的三种盐生植物（单叶滨藜、柽柳和节节麦）的植物提取能力。考虑到维持稳定的细胞质 Na/K 比已成为一种关键的耐盐机制，我们测定了三种研究植物地上组织中离子的积累情况。土壤盐分的升高导致叶片中钠离子水平升高，合成渗透调节物质的增加和强大的抗氧化活性以对抗氧化应激。总的来说，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）技术测定了细胞代谢物的变化，这些变化在叶片和茎的特定区域表现出明显的差异，这些差异与这些代谢物有关。在三种研究的盐生植物的地上组织中积累了相当数量的 HM，包括 Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Cr 和 Cd，其中 Fe 的含量最高。这些初步发现表明，单叶滨藜、柽柳和节节麦可以作为通过植物螯合作用积累 HM 的潜在植物修复植物。本研究为利用这三种植物修复退化的盐渍土壤提供了思路。
