Primus M A
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071.
J Speech Hear Disord. 1987 Aug;52(3):294-9. doi: 10.1044/jshd.5203.294.
Variable success in audiometric assessment of young children with operant conditioning indicates the need for systematic examination of commonly employed techniques. The current study investigated response and reinforcement features of two operant discrimination paradigms with normal 17-month-old children. Findings indicated more responses prior to the onset of habituation when the response task was based on complex central processing skills (localization and coordination of auditory/visual space) versus simple detection. Use of animation in toy reinforcers resulted in more than a twofold increase in the number of subject responses. Results showed no significant difference in response conditioning rate or consistency for the response tasks and forms of reinforcement examined.
对采用操作性条件反射的幼儿进行听力评估时，成功率不一，这表明需要对常用技术进行系统检查。本研究调查了两种操作性辨别范式对17个月大正常儿童的反应和强化特征。研究结果表明，当反应任务基于复杂的中枢处理技能（听觉/视觉空间的定位和协调）而非简单检测时，在习惯化开始之前会出现更多反应。在玩具强化物中使用动画使受试者反应数量增加了两倍多。结果显示，在所检查的反应任务和强化形式的反应条件率或一致性方面没有显著差异。
