Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Dec;131:229-247. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.021. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Increasing evidence suggests that the cerebellum could play a role in the higher cognitive processes involved in addiction as the cerebellum contains anatomical and functional pathways to circuitry controlling motivation and saliency. In addition, the cerebellum exhibits a widespread presence of receptors, including opioid receptors which are known to play a prominent role in synaptic and circuit mechanisms of plasticity associated with drug use and development of addiction to opioids and other drugs of abuse. Further, the presence of perineural nets (PNNs) in the cerebellum which contain proteins known to alter synaptic plasticity could contribute to addiction. The role the cerebellum plays in processes of addiction is likely complex, and could depend on the particular drug of abuse, the pattern of use, and the stage of the user within the addiction cycle. In this review, we discuss functional and structural modifications shown to be produced in the cerebellum by opioids that exhibit dependency-inducing properties which provide support for the conclusion that the cerebellum plays a role in addiction.
越来越多的证据表明，小脑在成瘾相关的高级认知过程中可能发挥作用，因为小脑包含控制动机和突显的电路的解剖和功能途径。此外，小脑表现出广泛的受体存在，包括阿片受体，已知其在与药物使用和成瘾相关的突触和电路机制的可塑性中起重要作用，包括阿片类药物和其他滥用药物。此外，小脑中存在神经周网 (PNNs)，其中包含已知可改变突触可塑性的蛋白质，这可能导致成瘾。小脑在成瘾过程中所起的作用可能很复杂，并且可能取决于特定的滥用药物、使用模式以及成瘾周期中使用者的阶段。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了表现出依赖性诱导特性的阿片类药物在小脑中产生的功能和结构改变，这为小脑在成瘾中发挥作用的结论提供了支持。
