Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022 Jan 1;17(1):98-105. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0020. Epub 2021 Sep 24.
To investigate whether a cycling test based on decremental loads (DEC) could elicit higher maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) values compared with an incremental test (INC).
Nineteen well-trained individuals performed an INC and a DEC test on a single day, in randomized order.
During INC, the load was increased by 20 W·min-1 until task failure. During DEC, the load started at 20 W higher than the peak load achieved during INC (familiarization trial) and was progressively decreased. Gas exchange and electromyography (EMG) activity (n = 11) from 4 lower-limb muscles were monitored throughout the tests. Physiological and EMG data measured at V˙O2max were compared between the 2 protocols using paired t tests.
V˙O2max during the DEC was 3.0% (5.9%) higher than during INC (range 94%-116%; P = .01), in spite of a lower power output (-21 [20] W, P < .001) at V˙O2max. Pulmonary ventilation (P = .036) and breathing rate (P = .023) were also higher during DEC. EMG activity measured at V˙O2max was not different between tests, despite the lower output during DEC.
A DEC exercise test produces higher V˙O2max in cycling compared with an INC test, which was accompanied by higher pulmonary ventilation and similar EMG activity. The additional O2 uptake during DEC might be related to extra work performed either by the respiratory muscles and/or the less oxidatively efficient leg muscles.
研究基于递减负荷的骑行测试（DEC）是否能比递增负荷测试（INC）产生更高的最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）值。
19 名训练有素的个体在一天内随机先后进行 INC 和 DEC 测试。
在 INC 中，负荷以 20 W·min-1的速度增加，直到任务失败。在 DEC 中，负荷从 INC 时达到的峰值负荷（预试验）高出 20 W，然后逐渐降低。在整个测试过程中，监测来自 4 个下肢肌肉的气体交换和肌电图（EMG）活动（n = 11）。使用配对 t 检验比较两种方案下 V˙O2max 时的生理和 EMG 数据。
尽管在 V˙O2max 时的功率输出（-21 [20] W，P <.001）较低，但 DEC 时的 V˙O2max 仍高出 3.0%（5.9%）（范围为 94%-116%；P =.01）。在 DEC 时，肺通气（P =.036）和呼吸频率（P =.023）也更高。尽管 DEC 时的输出较低，但 V˙O2max 时的 EMG 活动并无差异。
与 INC 测试相比，DEC 运动测试在骑行中产生更高的 V˙O2max，这伴随着更高的肺通气和相似的 EMG 活动。在 DEC 时额外的 O2 摄取可能与呼吸肌和/或氧化效率较低的腿部肌肉所做的额外功有关。
