Jones Vanya, Ryan Leticia, Rooker Griffin, Debinski Beata, Parnham Taylor, Mahoney Patricia, Shields Wendy
From the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2021 Oct 1;37(10):e589-e593. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002536.
Current childhood injury prevention guidance is anchored by a child's age. For example, children are considered at high risk for falls at ages 4 years and less, and guidance for prevention focuses on these ages. However, these guidelines may not be adequate for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
This retrospective chart review examined injury characteristics for children with ASD receiving treatment in a pediatric emergency department between 2014 and 2016. Bivariate statistics determined injury demographic correlates. Chart narratives were also coded using traditional content analysis to determine the mechanism that caused the home injury.
The sample (27 cases) was mostly male (89%), Black (48%), with a mean age of 7.8 (SD, 4.9) years. The most common mechanism was a fall (44%), followed by self-injurious behavior (33%), and then burns (22%). All cases identified at least 1 mechanism contributing to the injury, in 2 cases, 2 items were mentioned. Of the 29 items identified, most involved a house feature that was not stairs (24%); some included stairs, furniture, or a combination of foreign object and grill (21%); and few identified food/beverage/liquid (11%).
Analyses suggest that unintentional home injury prevention for children with ASD may require prevention guidance extended through older ages.
当前儿童伤害预防指南以儿童年龄为依据。例如，4岁及以下儿童被认为跌倒风险高，预防指南也主要针对这些年龄段。然而，这些指南可能不适用于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童。
本回顾性病历审查研究了2014年至2016年间在儿科急诊科接受治疗的ASD儿童的伤害特征。双变量统计确定了伤害的人口统计学相关性。还使用传统内容分析法对病历叙述进行编码，以确定导致家庭伤害的机制。
样本（27例）大多为男性（89%），黑人（48%），平均年龄7.8岁（标准差4.9）。最常见的机制是跌倒（44%），其次是自伤行为（33%），然后是烧伤（22%）。所有病例均确定至少有1种导致伤害的机制，2例提到了2种情况。在确定的29种情况中，大多数涉及非楼梯的房屋特征（24%）；一些包括楼梯、家具或异物与烤架的组合（21%）；很少涉及食物/饮料/液体（11%）。
分析表明，对ASD儿童进行家庭意外伤害预防可能需要将预防指南扩展到更大年龄。
