Zanelli Magda, Sanguedolce Francesca, Palicelli Andrea, Zizzo Maurizio, Martino Giovanni, Caprera Cecilia, Fragliasso Valentina, Soriano Alessandra, Valle Luca, Ricci Stefano, Cavazza Alberto, Merli Francesco, Pileri Stefano A, Ascani Stefano
Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Pathology Unit, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Sep 12;13(18):4578. doi: 10.3390/cancers13184578.
EBV is the most common persistent virus in humans. The interaction of EBV with B lymphocytes, which are considered the virus reservoir, is at the base of the life-long latent infection. Under circumstances of immunosuppression, the balance between virus and host immune system is altered and hence, EBV-associated lymphoid proliferations may originate. These disorders encompass several entities, ranging from self-limited diseases with indolent behavior to aggressive lymphomas. The virus may infect not only B-cells, but even T- and NK-cells. The occurrence of different types of lymphoid disorders depends on both the type of infected cells and the state of host immunity. EBV-driven lymphoproliferative lesions can rarely occur in the gastrointestinal tract and may be missed even by expert pathologists due to both the uncommon site of presentation and the frequent overlapping morphology and immunophenotypic features shared by different entities. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, arising within the gastrointestinal tract. The review is divided in three parts. In this part, the available data on EBV biology, EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified and classic Hodgkin lymphoma are discussed.
EBV是人类最常见的持续性病毒。EBV与被视为病毒储存库的B淋巴细胞之间的相互作用是终生潜伏感染的基础。在免疫抑制的情况下，病毒与宿主免疫系统之间的平衡会发生改变，因此可能会引发EBV相关的淋巴增殖性疾病。这些疾病包括多种类型，从行为惰性的自限性疾病到侵袭性淋巴瘤。该病毒不仅可以感染B细胞，甚至还能感染T细胞和NK细胞。不同类型淋巴疾病的发生取决于被感染细胞的类型以及宿主免疫状态。EBV驱动的淋巴增殖性病变很少发生在胃肠道，由于其罕见的发病部位以及不同类型病变之间常见的形态学和免疫表型特征重叠，即使是专业病理学家也可能会漏诊。本综述的目的是全面概述胃肠道内发生的EBV相关淋巴增殖性疾病的现有知识。该综述分为三个部分。在这一部分中，将讨论有关EBV生物学、EBV阳性黏膜皮肤溃疡、EBV阳性弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（未另行说明）和经典霍奇金淋巴瘤的现有数据。
