Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica Timișoara, 300223 Timișoara, Romania.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 8;18(18):9476. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18189476.
Due to the large quantity of expired and unused drugs worldwide, pharmaceutical disposal has become a serious problem that requires increased attention. In the present paper, the study on recycling ceftazidime (CZ) as an additive in copper and nickel electrodeposition from acid baths is highlighted. CZ is the active substance from expired commercial drug Ceftamil. Its electrochemical behavior was studied by cyclic voltammetry. As well, kinetic parameters for copper and nickel electrodeposition were determined using Tafel plots method at different temperatures and CZ concentrations in these acid baths. The activation energy was calculated from Arrhenius plots. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the charge transfer resistance and coverage degree in the electrolyte solutions at several potential values. Gibbs free energy values, calculated from Langmuir adsorption isotherms, revealed the chemical nature of CZ-electrode surface interactions. The favorable effect of the organic molecules added in copper and nickel electroplating baths was emphasized by optical microscope images. The morphology of the obtained deposits without and with 10 mol L CZ was compared. The experimental results revealed that expired Ceftamil is suitable as additive in copper and nickel electroplating processes from acid baths.
由于全球范围内过期和未使用的药物数量庞大，药物处理已成为一个需要引起更多关注的严重问题。本文重点研究了回收头孢他啶（CZ）作为酸浴中铜和镍电镀添加剂的问题。CZ 是过期商业药物头孢他啶的活性物质。通过循环伏安法研究了其电化学行为。此外，还使用 Tafel 图法在不同温度和酸浴中 CZ 浓度下确定了铜和镍的沉积动力学参数。通过 Arrhenius 图计算了活化能。通过电化学阻抗谱研究了在几个电位下电解质溶液中的电荷转移电阻和覆盖度。通过 Langmuir 吸附等温线计算的吉布斯自由能值揭示了 CZ-电极表面相互作用的化学性质。通过光学显微镜图像强调了在铜和镍电镀浴中添加有机分子的有利效果。比较了无和有 10 mol L CZ 时获得的沉积物的形态。实验结果表明，过期的头孢他啶可作为酸浴中铜和镍电镀过程的添加剂。
