Hsu Tien-Wei, Chen Hsiu-Min, Chen Tien-Yu, Chu Che-Sheng, Pan Chih-Chuan
Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
Department of Health-Business Administration, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 15;18(18):9720. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18189720.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRAs) are associated with pharyngeal muscle relaxation, increased apnea duration, and hypoxia, which might worsen OSA. This study aimed to examine the association between the use of BZRAs and the risk of OSA. The study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Database of Taiwan between 2002 and 2011. We only included new users who were never exposed to any BZRAs and identified 1848 participants with OSA, and 1848 matched controls. A logistic regression model was used to determine the association between the use of BZRAs and the development of OSA. BZRA exposure was divided into usage patterns, dosage, duration, and pharmacokinetic class. We found an increased risk of OSA in current users and recent past users compared with distant past users. Patients with a higher cumulative dose of BZRAs were more likely to develop OSA compared to those with a lower cumulative dose. We found an increased risk of OSA in patients treated with BZRAs, especially for current users and those with higher cumulative doses. A reduced risk of OSA was found in Z-drug users compared with benzodiazepine users.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的特征是上呼吸道反复塌陷。苯二氮䓬受体激动剂（BZRAs）与咽部肌肉松弛、呼吸暂停持续时间延长和缺氧有关，这可能会使OSA恶化。本研究旨在探讨使用BZRAs与OSA风险之间的关联。该研究使用了2002年至2011年台湾国民健康保险数据库的数据。我们只纳入了从未接触过任何BZRAs的新用户，并确定了1848名OSA参与者和1848名匹配的对照组。采用逻辑回归模型来确定使用BZRAs与OSA发生之间的关联。BZRA暴露分为使用模式、剂量、持续时间和药代动力学类别。我们发现，与远期使用者相比，当前使用者和近期使用者患OSA的风险增加。与累积剂量较低的患者相比，BZRAs累积剂量较高的患者更有可能患OSA。我们发现接受BZRAs治疗的患者患OSA的风险增加，尤其是当前使用者和累积剂量较高的患者。与苯二氮䓬类药物使用者相比，使用Z类药物的患者患OSA的风险降低。
