Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 14;22(18):9942. doi: 10.3390/ijms22189942.
Tissue engineering offers auspicious opportunities in oral and maxillofacial surgery to heal bone defects. For this purpose, the combination of cells with stability-providing scaffolds is required. Jaw periosteal cells (JPCs) are well suited for regenerative therapies, as they are easily accessible and show strong osteogenic potential. In this study, we analyzed the influence of uncoated and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-coated β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds on JPC colonization and subsequent osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, interaction with the human blood was investigated. This study demonstrated that PLGA-coated and uncoated β-TCP scaffolds can be colonized with JPCs and further differentiated into osteogenic cells. On day 15, after cell seeding, JPCs with and without osteogenic differentiation were incubated with fresh human whole blood under dynamic conditions. The activation of coagulation, complement system, inflammation, and blood cells were analyzed using ELISA and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). JPC-seeded scaffolds showed a dense cell layer and osteogenic differentiation capacity on both PLGA-coated and uncoated β-TCP scaffolds. SEM analyses showed no relevant blood cell attachment and ELISA results revealed no significant increase in most of the analyzed cell activation markers (β-thromboglobulin, Sc5B-9, polymorphonuclear (PMN)-elastase). However, a notable increase in thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complex levels, as well as fibrin fiber accumulation on JPC-seeded β-TCP scaffolds, was detected compared to the scaffolds without JPCs. Thus, this study demonstrated that besides the scaffold material the cells colonizing the scaffolds can also influence hemostasis, which can influence the regeneration of bone tissue.
组织工程为口腔颌面外科学提供了治愈骨缺损的良好机会。为此，需要将细胞与提供稳定性的支架结合。颌骨骨膜细胞（JPC）非常适合再生疗法，因为它们易于获取并且具有很强的成骨潜力。在这项研究中，我们分析了未涂层和聚乳酸-共-羟基乙酸（PLGA）涂层β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）支架对 JPC 定植和随后成骨分化的影响。此外，还研究了与人类血液的相互作用。本研究表明，PLGA 涂层和未涂层的β-TCP 支架可以被 JPC 定植，并进一步分化为成骨细胞。在接种细胞后的第 15 天，在有或没有成骨分化的情况下，将 JPC 在动态条件下与新鲜的人全血孵育。使用 ELISA 和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析凝血、补体系统、炎症和血细胞的激活。在 PLGA 涂层和未涂层的β-TCP 支架上，接种 JPC 的支架均显示出密集的细胞层和成骨分化能力。SEM 分析显示没有相关的血细胞附着，ELISA 结果显示大多数分析的细胞激活标志物（β-血栓球蛋白、Sc5B-9、多形核（PMN）-弹性蛋白酶）没有显著增加。然而，与没有 JPC 的支架相比，在接种 JPC 的β-TCP 支架上检测到凝血酶-抗凝血酶 III（TAT）复合物水平以及纤维蛋白纤维积累的显著增加。因此，本研究表明，除了支架材料外，定植支架的细胞也会影响止血，这会影响骨组织的再生。
