Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, E15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, E15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Sep 8;21(18):6019. doi: 10.3390/s21186019.
Antenna array pattern reconfiguration is usually achieved by changing the relative amplitudes and/or phases of the excitation distribution present in the array, at the cost of complex feeding networks. In this work, the mechanical displacement of a parasitic array perpendicular to another array with a single driven element is proposed. Additionally, the antenna is optimized addressing the variation of its response led by changes of the environmental dielectric constant of a surrounding gaseous medium. In such a way, a novel multipurpose antenna of utmost simplicity is obtained. From the computation of the self and mutual impedances, a control of the antenna radiation pattern by means of the induced currents in the parasitic elements is modelled. To illustrate the procedure, the technique will be applied to the variation of the side lobe level of a pencil beam and to obtain a flat-topped broadside beam from the same pencil beam, something with high interest for satellite applications. The proposed methodology represents an advance on the development of multipurpose antennas which resounds in simplicity not only in the reconfiguration of antenna beams, but in applications for the detection of particulate matter and/or measurements of the atmospheric dielectric constant.
天线阵列的方向图可通过改变激励分布的相对幅度和/或相位来实现，这种方法需要复杂的馈电网络。本文提出了一种通过改变寄生单元相对于另一单元的机械位移来改变天线方向图的方法。此外，通过优化天线，解决了由于周围气体介电常数变化而导致的天线响应变化的问题。通过这种方式，得到了一种极为简单的新型多用途天线。通过自阻抗和互阻抗的计算，对寄生单元中感应电流对天线辐射方向图的控制进行了建模。为了说明该方法，将该技术应用于铅笔波束的旁瓣电平变化，并从同一铅笔波束获得平顶宽波束，这对于卫星应用具有很高的兴趣。所提出的方法代表了多用途天线发展的一个进步，不仅在天线波束的重新配置方面，而且在用于检测颗粒物质和/或测量大气介电常数的应用方面，都具有简单的优点。
