Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Sep 9;13(9):3138. doi: 10.3390/nu13093138.
The progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to altered lipid metabolism. CKD patients exhibit high blood triglyceride (TG) levels, reduced concentrations and functionality of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and elevated levels of atherogenic small, dense, low-density lipoproteins (sdLDL). Disorders of lipid metabolism and other metabolic disturbances place CKD patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Extensive evidence supports the cardioprotective effects of unsaturated fatty acids, including their beneficial effect on serum cholesterol and TG levels. Dietary lipids might therefore be especially important in the nutritional management of CKD. We review current dietary recommendations for fat intake by CKD patients and suggest potential nutritional interventions by emphasizing dietary lipids that might improve the blood lipid profile and reduce cardiovascular risk in CKD.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）的进展导致脂质代谢异常。CKD 患者表现出血甘油三酯（TG）水平升高、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）浓度和功能降低，以及致动脉粥样硬化的小而密、低密脂蛋白（sdLDL）水平升高。脂质代谢紊乱和其他代谢紊乱使 CKD 患者患心血管疾病（CVD）的风险很高。大量证据支持不饱和脂肪酸的心脏保护作用，包括它们对血清胆固醇和 TG 水平的有益影响。因此，膳食脂质在 CKD 的营养管理中可能尤为重要。我们回顾了 CKD 患者脂肪摄入的现行饮食建议，并通过强调可能改善血脂谱和降低 CKD 心血管风险的膳食脂质，提出了潜在的营养干预措施。
