University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
CNRS/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire Dynamique du Langage, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France.
Biol Lett. 2021 Sep;17(9):20210356. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0356. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Fundamental frequency (), perceived as voice pitch, is the most sexually dimorphic, perceptually salient and intensively studied voice parameter in human nonverbal communication. Thousands of studies have linked human to biological and social speaker traits and life outcomes, from reproductive to economic. Critically, researchers have used myriad speech stimuli to measure and infer its functional relevance, from individual vowels to longer bouts of spontaneous speech. Here, we acoustically analysed in nearly 1000 affectively neutral speech utterances (vowels, words, counting, greetings, read paragraphs and free spontaneous speech) produced by the same 154 men and women, aged 18-67, with two aims: first, to test the methodological validity of comparing measures from diverse speech stimuli, and second, to test the prediction that the vast inter-individual differences in habitual found between same-sex adults are preserved across speech types. Indeed, despite differences in linguistic content, duration, scripted or spontan--eous production and within-individual variability, we show that 42-81% of inter-individual differences in can be explained between any two speech types. Beyond methodological implications, together with recent evidence that inter-individual differences in are remarkably stable across the lifespan and generalize to emotional speech and nonverbal vocalizations, our results further substantiate voice pitch as a robust and reliable biomarker in human communication.
基频（），被感知为嗓音音高，是人类非言语交际中性别差异最大、感知最明显、研究最深入的嗓音参数。数千项研究将人类与生物和社会说话者特征以及从生殖到经济的生活结果联系起来。至关重要的是，研究人员使用了无数的语音刺激来衡量和推断其功能相关性，从单个元音到更长的自发语音段。在这里，我们对近 1000 个情感中性的语音（元音、单词、计数、问候语、阅读段落和自由自发的语音）进行了声学分析，这些语音由 154 名年龄在 18 至 67 岁的男性和女性说出，有两个目的：首先，测试从不同语音刺激中比较的方法学有效性；其次，测试预测，即在相同性别成年人之间发现的习惯性的巨大个体差异在不同的语音类型中是保留的。事实上，尽管在语言内容、时长、脚本或自发、个体内变异性方面存在差异，但我们表明，在任何两种语音类型之间，可以解释 42-81%的个体间差异。除了方法学意义外，最近的证据表明，在整个生命周期中，个体间的差异在 中非常稳定，并推广到情感语音和非言语发声，我们的结果进一步证实了语音音高作为人类交流中的一种强大而可靠的生物标志物。
