生物炭老化会改变酸性污染土壤中镉的生物可利用性和微生物活性。
Biochar aging alters the bioavailability of cadmium and microbial activity in acid contaminated soils.
机构信息
Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia.
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia; Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia.
出版信息
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Oct 15;420:126666. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126666. Epub 2021 Jul 15.
The effects of biochar aging on heavy-metal bioavailability and microbial activity are not fully understood. This study determined the effect over 270 days of poultry-litter biochar (PBC) and sugar-gum-wood biochar (SBC) on the bioavailability of Cd and microbial activity in acidic soils differing in organic matter content. Soil basal and substrate-induced respirations, microbial properties, Cd bioavailability and plant Cd bioaccumulation were evaluated at 1, 30, 90 and 270 days. The addition of PBC decreased Cd bioaccumulation by 81% and 85% while SBC decreased bioaccumulation by 47% and 56% in high (Chromosol) and low (Sodosol) organic matter soils, respectively, at Day 1. By Day 270, Cd bioaccumulation significantly (P < 0.05) increased in SBC-amended soils but decreased in PBC-amended soils. The addition of PBC increased both basal and substrate-induced microbial respirations compared to the other treatments over 270-day aging. However, SBC increased microbial biomass C compared to the PBC after Day 30. Aging decreased microbial respiration and biomass C in biochar-amended soils. It is concluded that Cd bioaccumulation increased in SBC-amended soils during aging whereas the PBC decreased Cd bioaccumulation and that the selection of biochar is important to enhance remediation efficiency in the long term.
生物炭老化对重金属生物有效性和微生物活性的影响尚不完全清楚。本研究在 270 天的时间内，确定了禽粪生物炭（PBC）和糖胶木生物炭（SBC）对不同有机质含量酸性土壤中 Cd 的生物有效性和微生物活性的影响。在 1、30、90 和 270 天时，评估了土壤基础呼吸和基质诱导呼吸、微生物特性、Cd 的生物有效性和植物 Cd 积累。在高（Chromosol）和低（Sodosol）有机质土壤中，PBC 添加物在第 1 天分别降低了 81%和 85%的 Cd 生物积累，而 SBC 降低了 47%和 56%的 Cd 生物积累。到第 270 天，SBC 处理土壤中的 Cd 生物积累显著（P<0.05）增加，但 PBC 处理土壤中的 Cd 生物积累则减少。与其他处理相比，PBC 添加物在 270 天老化过程中增加了基础和基质诱导的微生物呼吸。然而，SBC 在第 30 天后比 PBC 增加了微生物生物量 C。生物炭添加物老化降低了生物炭添加土壤中的微生物呼吸和生物量 C。研究结论是，在老化过程中，SBC 处理土壤中的 Cd 生物积累增加，而 PBC 则降低了 Cd 生物积累，并且生物炭的选择对于长期提高修复效率非常重要。
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