Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Nov 30;191:792-802. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.156. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
Melamine and its analogues are illegally added to raise the apparent protein content in foods. The elevated concentrations of these compounds cause adverse effects in humans and animals. In this contribution, the protective effects of the synthesized starch-stabilized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs@starch) on melamine-induced hepato-renal toxicity have been systematically investigated. The Se-NPs@starch were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping analysis, TEM, and FT-IR. Starch plays a crucial role in the stabilization and dispersion of Se NPs, as noticed from the TEM and EDS investigations. Furthermore, the atomic ratio of Se distribution over the starch surface is approximately 1.67%. The current study was conducted on four groups of adult male rats, and the oral daily treatments for 28 days were as follows: group I served as control, group II received Se-NPs@starch, group III was exposed to melamine, while group IV was treated with melamine and Se-NPs@starch. The results reveal a significant alteration in the histoarchitecture of both hepatic and renal tissues induced by melamine. Furthermore, elevated liver and kidney function markers, high malondialdehyde, and increased expression levels of apoptosis-related genes besides a reduction in GSH and expression levels of antioxidant genes were observed in the melamine-exposed group. Interestingly, the administration of the Se-NPs@starch resulted in remarkable protection of rats against melamine-induced toxicity through increasing the antioxidant capacity and inhibiting oxidative damage. Collectively, this study provides affordable starch-stabilized Se-NPs with potent biological activity, making them auspicious candidates for prospective biomedical applications.
三聚氰胺及其类似物被非法添加到食品中以提高表观蛋白质含量。这些化合物浓度的升高会对人类和动物产生不良影响。在本研究中，系统研究了合成的淀粉稳定硒纳米粒子（Se-NPs@starch）对三聚氰胺诱导的肝肾毒性的保护作用。通过 X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析、能谱（EDS）mapping 分析、TEM 和 FT-IR 对 Se-NPs@starch 进行了表征。从 TEM 和 EDS 研究中可以看出，淀粉在 Se NPs 的稳定和分散中起着至关重要的作用。此外，淀粉表面上 Se 分布的原子比约为 1.67%。本研究对四组成年雄性大鼠进行，连续 28 天每天口服处理，分组如下：I 组作为对照，II 组给予 Se-NPs@starch，III 组暴露于三聚氰胺，IV 组用三聚氰胺和 Se-NPs@starch 处理。结果表明，三聚氰胺诱导的肝组织和肾组织的组织形态结构发生了显著改变。此外，在暴露于三聚氰胺的组中，肝和肾功能标志物升高，丙二醛升高，凋亡相关基因表达水平升高，同时 GSH 减少，抗氧化基因表达水平降低。有趣的是，Se-NPs@starch 的给药通过增加抗氧化能力和抑制氧化损伤，对大鼠的三聚氰胺诱导的毒性产生了显著的保护作用。总之，本研究提供了具有潜在生物活性的廉价淀粉稳定的 Se-NPs，它们是有前途的生物医学应用的候选材料。
